1Igneous RocksRock climbersEl Capitan Yosemite map Rock types• Igneous rock• Sedimentary rock • Metamorphic rock• Melting—Magma The rock cycleRock cycle "shortcuts" or interruptions • Sedimentary rock melts • Igneous rock is metamorphosed • Sedimentary rock is weathered • Metamorphic rock weathers Basaltic lava splash2basaltRhyolite: Fine-grained igneous textureScoria: basaltCoarse-grained igneous texturePorphyritic igneous texturePorphyritic Andesite Porphyritic granite• http://www.soc.soton.ac.uk/soes/resources/collection/minerals/igne-1/pages/ig10.htmObsidian exhibits a glassy texturepumice3Classification of igneous rocksMagma types• Felsic—high silica• Mafic—only about half silica• Intermediate—by mixing of those two• Ultramafic—from mantle meltingMagma components• http://volcanoes.usgs.gov/Products/Pglossary/VolRocks.htmlGranite rhyoliteClassification of igneous rocksbasalt gabbroClassification of igneous rocks4andesiteHornblende phenocrysts in andesite• http://www.pitt.edu/~cejones/GeoImages/2IgneousRocks/IgneousCompositions/5Andesite.htmlPorphyritic Andesite Porphyritic andesite• http://www.pitt.edu/~cejones/GeoImages/2IgneousRocks/IgneousCompositions/5Andesite.htmldioriteBowen’s Reaction SeriesHalite/Sylvite mine Bingham Copper
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