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CALVIN ENGR 332 - Sine-Wave Oscillator

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Application ReportSLOA060 - March 20011Sine-Wave OscillatorRon Mancini and Richard Palmer HPL (Dallas)ABSTRACTThis note describes the operational amplifier (op-amp) sine-wave oscillator, together with thecriteria for oscillation to occur using RC components. It delineates the roles of phase shift andgain in the circuit and then discusses considerations of the op amp. A brief analysis of aWien-Bridge oscillator circuit is provided. Several examples of sine-wave oscillators aregiven, although it is recognized that there exist many additional types of oscillator to whichthe principles of this application note also apply.Contents1 Introduction 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Sine-Wave Oscillator Defined 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Requirements for Oscillation 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Phase Shift in the Oscillator 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Gain in the Oscillator 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Effect of the Active Element (Op Amp) on the Oscillator 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Analysis of Oscillator Operation (Circuit) 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Sine-Wave Oscillator Circuits 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1 Wein-Bridge Oscillator 10. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 Phase-Shift Oscillator, Single Amplifier 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.3 Phase-Shift Oscillator, Buffered 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.4 Bubba Oscillator 17. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 Quadrature Oscillator 18. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Conclusion 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 References 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of Figures1 Canonical Form of a System With Positive or Negative Feedback 4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Phase Plot of RC Sections 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Op-Amp Frequency Response 7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Distortion vs Oscillation Frequency for Various …


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