Displaying Distributions – Qualitative VariablesPie ChartsRacial Profiling by the Police?Who Gets Pulled OverSlide 5Slide 6Racial Profiling by Sharks?Bar GraphsSlide 9Pie Chart ExamplesDisplaying Distributions – Qualitative VariablesLecture 14Sections 4.3.1 – 4.3.2Tue, Feb 5, 2008Pie ChartsPie chart.Use the percentage associated with the category to compute the central angle of the pie slice.E.g., 25% of 360 = 90.A pie chart facilitates the comparison of one category to the whole.Racial Profiling by the Police?Who gets pulled over.Draw a pie chart of the data.Who Gets Pulled OverHow does the distribution by race of those pulled over compare to the distribution in the general population?Population Pulled OverWhite 73% 65%Black 20% 24%Hispanic 6% 7%Who Gets Pulled OverThe sample consisted of 520,079 cases.If we compute the p-value, we getp-value < 10-99.Is that significant?Who Gets Pulled OverAn interesting question raised by the superintendent of the Virginia State Police:“Do we know, at any given hour, what the demographics of I-95 in Richmond may be?”What kind of bias (other than racial profiling) may be in play here?Racial Profiling by Sharks?Who gets bitten.Bar GraphsBar graph.A bar graph facilitates the comparison of one category to another.Bar GraphsWho get pulled over.Draw a bar graph of the data.Pie Chart ExamplesWhere Your Income Tax Money Really GoesMajor Religions of the World Ranked by Number of AdherentsWarning against using
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