1ES341 Fundamentals of GIS Midterm Study Guide Winter 2011 Study Tips -Read all chapters in work book, study figures and tables, compare chapters to notes -Use study guide as a check list for knowing key terms, key concepts, key skills -Go back through the class / lab exercises, make sure you can do the math work -Go back through the key skills emphasized in the tutorials, make sure you know the software skills -I would study for a minimum of 10-12 hours if I wanted to do well on this exam. -Create a 1 page sheet of key ArcMap / Arc/Catalog commands - bring to exam -Bring a calculator to the exam. -Review the class slide shows on the web site for visualizations -Meditate before exam and become one with software Key Words Intro to GIS GIS defined (list key components) map features points, lines, polygons layers, themes coverage shape file attributes GPS geodesy spatial coordinate system lat / long UTM state plane map projection discrete spatial features continuous spatial features feature attributes vector data model topological vector model non-topological vector model raster data model attribute data database digitization database tables fields records data query spatial interpolation spatial query symbol maps line maps area maps volume maps Intro to Topo Maps Notes equivalence conformality cylindrical projection conical projection georeference lat - long meridians parallels equator prime meridian north pole south pole great circles small circles degrees-minutes-seconds decimal degrees magnetic north true north fractional scale small scale large scale azimuth compass bearing aspect relief Eastings and Northings UTM projection system Contour lines Index contours Contour intervals benchmark Map Projections data points x,y coordinates map projection map layers georeference system map registration map resolution conformal projection equivalent projection polar projection tangent vs. secant projectsion equatorial projection cylindrical projection conical projection tangent projection standard parallel standard meridian central parallel and meridian false easting , false northing metadata transmercator lambert geoide spheroid ellipsoid datum Vector Data models points lines arcs vertex node line segments2polyline line polygon contiguous polygon donut island attributes topology left/right poly topology topological errors dangling nodes undershoots overshoots leaky polygons snapped nodes metadata digitizing RMS error Raster Data Structure grid data raster data grid cell DEM orthophoto columns-rows / x-y pixel resolution vector-raster representation cell values integer floating point world file remote sensing satellite imagery em spectrum spectral bands multispectral image wavelength color bands tiff, gif, jpeg, MrSID vectorization rasterization Overview of ArcGIS ESRI ArcInfo ArcView ArcGIS GIS defined Aspatial data Spatial data Database management system GIS components Hardware Software Data storage/input Output Personnel GIS Functions Data entry Data management Thematic mapping Data Analysis Cartographic output Data structure Vector model Raster model Georeferencing Projection x-y coordinates Cartesian coordinates Feature Objects Points Lines/polylines Vertex node Polygons Feature Attributes Feature class Themes Layers Vector Models Topological Spaghetti Models Raster Models Grid / matrix Columns / rows Cells / pixels Pixel resolution Discrete Raster vs. Continuou Raster ArcGIS Sofware Components Arc Catalog ArcMap Arc Toolbox ArcGIS Datafiles Shapefiles ArcGIS Datafiles (cont.) Coverages Geodatabases Layer files Raster (grid) files Tables Metadata FGDC Standards File Types *.mxd (map document) *.lyr (layer file) *.shp (shape file-vector) *.coverage (vector) *.grd (grid file) *.jpg (jpeg – image) *.tiff (tiff-image) *.tfw (tiff world file) *.e00 (arc/info export) *.mdb (access database) *.xml (metadata)3Class Speakers Based on the three class presentations by outside speakers, can you describe 4 or 5 applications of GIS for use in geologic research, forensic science, coastal managements, and/or state data infrastructure? Lab Skills - In-Class Exercises Can you work with paper maps? What about topographic maps (contour intervals, declination, scale) fractional scale graphical scale can you convert from map units to ground distance units? Can you calculate grid resolution from column-row and easting-northing data? What about the structure of raster models vs. vector models. What does a coded polygon look like in the raster model vs. the vector model? Can you relate real world spatial features to GIS map features (points, lines, polygons)? Can you locate positions of points of longitude and latitude? UTM? State Plane? Can you convert from degrees to minutes to seconds? How about to decimal degrees from minutes and seconds? ArcMap Software Skills can you open a view and add themes (vector and raster?) can you create a layout and print? can you set the map units and use the measure tool? can you open a table and view the database? can you project themes from one projection to another? can you save a project? can you work with feature class data? image data? grid data? can you zoom in and out of a view? can you use the query/identify tool? can you change the legend colors and symbols? can you determine the coordinates of points on a theme? can you use metadata with your map themes? can you define projections and change projections? Can you load a map template and print out a final product with your name? Can you work with tables and conduct basic statistical summaries? Summary of Key Concepts from Price Workbook / Tutorials Price Chapter 1 – Introduction / GIS Data ArcGIS Intro Skills Use Identify tool Use Find tool Open and save map document (*.mxd) files Use measure tool (measure feature, length, area) Add and remove layers from display window Use rt-click properties pop up window Use zoom tool / Use pan tool Zoom to active layer, Zoom to full extent Save and open view bookmarks Set and reset symbols for layers in table of contents (rt-click layer properties) Select and unselect elements of feature classes Using ArcCatalog4 Connecting to network drives Copying and saving data Use ArcCatalog to preview layers and show metadata Preview layer contents Preview data tables and map element files Sorting table data View metadata Price Chapter 2 – Working with ArcMap / Mapping GIS