Philosophy 93First Paper AssignmentInstructionsDue in class Tues., Feb. 7.Please choose one of the following arguments from Descartes’ First or SecondMeditations and, in approximately 2–3 pages (double spaced), do the follow-ing: (1) briefly explain in your own words what the argument is supposed toprove and how; (2) bring up an apparently serious objection to the argument;(3) explain how Descartes would respond to the objection. (Needless to saythis should be your own original work.)Note: to do this well you need to come up with an objection that isserious and think of a good way for Descartes to respond to it. The worseyou can make things look for Descartes—as long as you can still get him outof it in the end!—the better your paper.Also note: in order to explain the argument properly, you may well needto refer to the context it occurs in, not just the exact text I have quotedbelow. Still, your ultimate objective is to explain just that part. (I.e., don’tstart with a detailed summary of everything up to that point—you don’thave room for that!)Please write the number of the argument you have chosen at the beginningof your paper (you don’t need to quote it).1. “Some years ago I was struck by the large number of falsehoods that I hadaccepted as true in my childhood, and by the highly doubtful nature of thewhole edifice that I had subsequently based on them. I realized that it wasnecessary, once in the course of my life, to demolish everything completelyand start again right from the foundations if I wanted to establish anythingat all in the sciences that was stable and likely to last.” (AT 17, p. 76)2. “Reason leads me to think that I should hold back my assent from opinionswhich are not completely certain and indubitable just as carefully as I dofrom those which are patently false. So, for the purpose of rejecting all myopinions, it will be enough if I find in each of them at least some reason fordoubt.” (AT 18, p. 76)13. “But such p eople are insane, and I would be thought equally made if I tookanything from them as a model for myself. A brilliant piece of reasoning!As if I were not a man who sleeps at night, and regularly has all the sameexperiences while asleep as madmen doe when awake—indeed sometimes evenmore improbable ones.” (AT 19, p. 77)4. “But perhaps Go d would not have wished me to be deceived in thisway, since he is said to be supremely good. But if it were inconsistent withhis goodness to have created me such that I am deceived all the time, itwould seem equally foreign to his goodness to allow me to be deceived evenoccasionally; yet this last assertion cannot be made [in French: “yet I cannotdoubt that he does allow this”]” (AT 21, p. 78)5. “But I have convinced myself that there is absolutely nothing in the world,no sky, no earth, no minds, no bodies. Does it now follow that I too do notexist? No: if I convinced myself of something then I certainly existed.” (AT25, p. 80)6. “But there is a dece iver of supreme power and cunning who is deliberatelyand constantly deceiving me. In that case I too undoubtedly exist, if he isdeceiving me; and let him deceive me as much as he can, he will never bringit about that I am nothing so long as I think that I am something.” (AT 25,p. 8o)7. “I am, I exist—that is certain. But for how long? For as long as I amthinking. For it could be that were I totally to cease from thinking, I shouldtotally cease to exist. At present I am not admitting anything except whatis necessarily true. I am, then, in the strict sense only a thing that thinks.”(AT 27, p. 82)8. “But what then am I? A thing that thinks. What is that? A thingthat doubts, understands, affirms, denies, is willing, is unwilling, and alsoimagines and has sensory perceptions.” (AT 28, p. 83)9. “For example, I am now seeing light, hearing a noise, feeling heat. But Iam asleep, so all this is false. Yet I certainly seem to see, to hear, and to bewarmed. This cannot be false; what is called ‘having a sensory perception’ isstrictly just this, and in this restricted sens e of the term it is simply thinking.”(AT 29, p.