ISB 202 1nd Edition Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Dust BowlOutline of Current Lecture II. SoilIII. EcosystemsIV. Metabolic ProcessesCurrent LectureSoil: Soil makes up the outermost layer of our planet. It is made up of minerals (rock, sand, clay, silt), air, water, and organic material (matter from dead plants and animals).- Topsoil is the most productive soil layer.Ecosystem services- Decomposition of organic material- Provide nutrition to support the food web (through vegetation)- Sequester (provide) carbonEcosystems Ecology: how organisms interact with biotic (living) and abiotic (nonliving) factors in the environment Organism -> Population -> Community -> Ecosystem -> BiosphereGaia Hypothesis: looking at the world as one single living organismSpecies: group of organisms who have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring in nature (in the same habitat)Range of tolerance: where an organism can live comfortably and survive (ex: certain types of fish can only live in a certain temperature These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. Optimum RangeZone ofIntoleranceZone ofToleranceLimiting Factor: too much or too little of either factor can limit or prevent growth of populationEnvironmental factors that determine where an organism can live include: Physiological stress due to inappropriate levels of moisture, temperature, pH, light, nutrients. Competition with other species Predation, parasitism, disease Chance - individuals move to a new and suitable location by chance (e.g. organism moved to a different beach after a storm)Two Key Metabolic ProcessesPhotosynthesis Takes in Carbon dioxide, water, and energy from the sun Produces/releases Sugar (glucose) with stored energy Oxygen Photosynthesis Light Dependent Reaction Require light (photons) Takes in H20 and releases Oxygen Light Independent Reactions (Dark Reactions) Uses CO2Respiration Takes in Sugar (glucose) and Oxygen Releases Carbon Dioxide, water and heatPhotosynthesis:• 6CO2 + 12H2O + light C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2ORespiration:• C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + 12e- +
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