ASTR 151 1st Edition Lecture 10 Outline of Last LectureI. Chapter 6.5II. Chapter 6.6III. Chapter 6.7IV. SummaryOutline of Current LectureV. Chapter 16.1VI. Chapter 16.2VII. Chapter 16.3VIII. Chapter 16.4IX. Chapter 16.5X. Chapter 16.6Current LectureI. Chapter 16.1 Properties Physicala. Radius 700,000kmb. Mass 2.0x10^30kgc. Density 1400kg/m^3d. Rotation – Differential period about a monthe. Temperature Surface is called the photospheref. Sun has sunspotsg. Solar Structurei. Solar Windii. Transition Zoneiii. Chromosphereiv. Photosphereh. Luminosity – energy released by the SunThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Solar constant 1400w/m^2 amount of Sun`s energyII. Chapter 16.2 Solar Interiora. Made of compressed gasi. Inward and outward pull depends on equilibriumb. Radiationi. Transparent relativelyii. The cooler the convention zone is opaque and it`s also granulatedc. Visible analysis Spectrali. Visible, Emission, and AbsorptionIII. Chapter 16.3 Sun`s Atomspherea. Spectral analysis can tell us what elements are presentb. Chromosphere is above the photospherei. Can`t be seen until eclipsesc. Sunspotsi. Appears dark because of cooler surroundings1. Umbra2. Penumbra3. CoreIV. Chapter 16.4 Solar Magnetisma. Sunspots are linked by pairs of Magnetic fieldsi. Magnetic fields are 1000 times stronger than other regionsii. Occur when field lines are distorted every 22 year cycleiii. Maunder minimum – few if any spotsV. Chapter 16.5 Terrestrial Relationsa. Northern lightsVI. Chapter 16.6 The Heart of the Suna. Nuclear fusioni. Sun produces .2 milliwatts of energyii. Nuclear Fusiona. Mass= Energyb. Proton + Neutron = Deutronc. Proton/ Proton Chaind. Fusion to go from hydrogen to heliume. Needs to have like-charged nuclei get close enough to each other to fusef. Deuteron = proton + neutrong. One of our protons must become a neutronh. Helium stays in the corei. Once the star has iron in the core, it`s dyingiii. Light elements Big Bang Nucleosynthesisa. Anything heavier than Lithium-7 was formed insidestariv. Four Fundamental Forces1. Gravity2. Electromagnetic3. Weak nuclear force4. Strong nuclear
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