PSYCH 105 Lecture 7 Outline of Last Lecture I. Types of neuronsII. Structure of the neuronIII. Glial cellsIV. Neural communicationOutline of Current Lecture I. Neural communication in a resting stateII. Action potentialIII. Synaptic transmissionIV. Neurotransmitter messagesCurrent LectureI. Neural communication in a resting statea. We have a higher concentration of sodium (Na+) ions on the outside of the membraneb. We have a higher concentration of potassium (K+) ions inside the membranec. Reduction of the membrane potential (towards 0) results in depolarizationII. Action potential follows an all or none principala. Neuron is either sufficiently stimulated and fires action potentialb. Neuron does not reach stimulus threshold and so it does not fire action potential c. Refractory periodi. Neuron is unable to fireIII. Synaptic transmissiona. Electrical message is propagated down axon to axon terminalb. Synaptic vesicles (sacs filled with neurotransmitter)i. Neurotransmitters are chemical messengers manufactured by the neuronc. Vesicles dock on axon terminal presynaptic membrane and release neurotransmitters across synaptic clefd. Neurotransmitters travel across clef and binds to the receptors on postsynaptic membranee. 2 ways to remove neurotransmitters from clefi. Reuptake 1. Neurotransmitter unbinds and travels back to presynaptic membrane for recyclingThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.ii. Enzymatic degradation 1. Destruction of neurotransmitter by an enzyme afer it’s releasedIV. Neurotransmitter messagesa. Excitatory message = increasing our chance of getting an action potential on the next neuron b. Inhibitory message = decreasing our chance of getting an action potential on the next neuronc. Receptor determines messagei. Same neurotransmitter can have excitatory or inhibitory message depending on
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