MIT OpenCourseWare http ocw mit edu 2 61 Internal Combustion Engines Spring 2008 For information about citing these materials or our Terms of Use visit http ocw mit edu terms Hydrocarbon Pathway Steady State cruise condition Fuel 100 91 9 Flame converts fuel to CO2 CO H2O H2 etc HC Mechanisms Fuel Only Liq Fuel 1 2 Deposits 1 Fuel Air Mixture Quenching 0 5 Oil Layers 1 4 6 Crankcase 0 7 Recycled 2 5 Crevices 5 2 5 1 Exh Valve Leakage 0 1 Blow by 0 6 Recycled In Cylinder Oxidation 1 3 Oxidized 2 3 Oxidized 1 7 1 7 3 4 Exhaust Oxidation 0 8 1 3 2 3 1 3 Unburned HC in Residual 1 3 Recycled 1 5 Engine out HC 1 6 Fully Burned Exhaust Tailpipe out HC 0 1 0 4 Catalyst HC Sources Magnitudes and Percent of Total Engine out Emissions Source Crevices Fuel Escaping Normal Combustion 5 2 Fraction Emitted as EOHC 0 15 Fuel as HC Emissions 0 682 of Total EOHC Emissions 42 6 Quench 0 5 0 15 0 074 4 6 Oil Layers 1 0 0 09 0 090 5 6 Deposits 1 0 0 30 0 300 18 7 Liquid Fuel 1 2 0 30 0 356 22 2 Valve Leakage 0 1 1 00 0 100 6 3 Total 9 0 1 60 100 Blowby 0 6 subtracted Amount to crank case 0 7 subtracted
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