AmericaAmerica’’s Crumbling Infrastructures Crumbling InfrastructureCase Study 2Jory SchwachMari HunterJacob ChristiansonCE 5212Prof. LevinsonPresentation OutlinePresentation Outline Development Timeline Department of Transportation Bridge Inspections and Policy 35W Bridge Collapse Policy Implications Discussionwww.ci.maryville.tn.usDevelopment TimelineDevelopment Timeline- 1930’s- Transnational infrastructure to boost economy andconnect the U.S.- 1938- Federal-Aid Highway Act to study the network of roadsacross the nation- 1944- Federal Highway Act led to development of 65,000kilometers- 1956- National System of Interstate and Defense Highways laid41,000 miles for mobilizing military- 1966- Department of Transportation establishedhttp://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/ndhs.htmMission of DOTMission of DOT“…to develop and coordinate policies thatwill provide an efficient and economicalnational transportation system, with dueregard for need, the environment, and thenational defense. It is the primary agencyin the federal government with theresponsibility for shaping andadministering policies and programs toprotect and enhance the safety, adequacy,and efficiency of the transportationsystem and services.”http://dotlibrary.dot.gov/Historian/history.htmdotlibrary.dot.govNational Bridge InspectionNational Bridge Inspection- Safety is ensured through hands-on inspections and bridgecomponent (deck, superstructure, and sub-structure ) ratings allof which is maintained in the National Bridge Inventory (NBI)database.- Inspections- 4 year inspections- 2 year inspections- Annual inspectionsOver $4 billion is apportioned annually from the Federalgovernment to State DOTs for bridge replacement,rehabilitation and preventative maintenance.http://www.dot.gov/affairs/factsheet080207.htmwww.freewebs.comHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses- 1940: Tacoma Narrows Bridge, Washingtonhttp://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808b-2.aspwww.britannica.com www.lib.washington.eduHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……1967: Silver Bridge, Point Pleasant, W.Vahttp://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808b-2.aspwww.wvculture.orgHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……1983: Mianus River Bridge, Connecticutwww.accidents101.com www.tfhrc.gov www.insurancebroadcasting.comHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……1987: Schoharie Creek Bridge, New Yorkwater.usgs.govHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……1989: Hatchie River Bridge, Tennesseewww.tfhrc.gov www.tfhrc.gov www.fhwa.dot.govHistoric Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……1989: October 17th San Francisco-Oakland Baywww.tfhrc.gov/Historic Bridge CollapsesHistoric Bridge Collapses……2006: Autoroute 19 Bridge, Laval, Quebecwww.ctv.ca www.ctv.ca www.ctv.ca www.canada.comConstruction Material PolicyConstruction Material Policy “Advanced composites willbe used to extend theservice life of existingconstruction and to providedurability of newconstrustion”(www.tfhrc.gov)www.tfhrc.govWhatWhat’’s Your Bridge Color?s Your Bridge Color?http://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808b-2.aspRecent Work on the BridgeRecent Work on the BridgeWork involved concrete and joint repair, lighting and guardrailinstallationReplacing the top 2 inches of the 9 inch roadway slabCompleted the overlay work of the outside two lanes (bothdirections)Concrete was completely replaced in eight other spots forexpansion joint replacement and full-depth repairs.The average size of a section that was entirely replaced was26 feet by 3.5 feethttp://www.dot.state.mn.us/i35wbridge/pdfs/factsheet.pdfTo be completed September 30, 2007 for $9 millionCollapse of the 35W BridgeCollapse of the 35W Bridge- Video- http://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808d-1.aspThe Extent of the CollapseThe Extent of the Collapsehttp://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/02/us/02bridge.html?_r=1&oref=sloginThe Aftermath of the CollapseThe Aftermath of the Collapsehttp://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808b-2.aspThe Aftermath of the CollapseThe Aftermath of the Collapsehttp://enr.construction.com/features/transportation/archives/070808b-2.aspThe AftermathThe Aftermath- Thirteen people died and more than 100 people were injured- Initial estimates by Mn/DOT concluded that costs for the loss of 35Wwould total $400,000 per dayhttp://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/02/us/02bridge.html?_r=1&oref=sloginThe Aftermath ContinuedThe Aftermath Continued……- Mn/DOT estimated a loss to Minnesota's economy to be $17 million in2007 and $43 million in 2008- It has been estimated that businesses have lost over $500,000 per dayBrandt Williams. August 3, 2007. NTSB gets some early clues about the cause of the collapse. Minnesota Public Radio.http://www.nytimes.com/slideshow/2007/08/02/us/20070802BRIDGE_index.htmlRTMCRTMC Action and PolicyAction and Policy Issues caused by the bridge collapse– Congestion– Effects of Media and Shock– Post shock congestion shift Resulting policy shifts– 280 Corridor– University to Central added lane– 94, 35W, 494, 210, and 169 shiftsThe Days AheadThe Days Ahead- August 8th preliminary design teams had been established- August 21st a layout had been submitted to the city council- August 23rd the RFP had been released- September 14th technical proposals are received- September 18th financial proposals are received- September 19th project out to bidhttp://www.wsdot.wa.gov/TA/T2Center/Mgt.Systems/PavementTechnology/Fa04Conf%20L%5CNewPier2L.jpgCurrent PlansCurrent Plans- Rebuilding Team:- Flatiron Constructors and Mason Construction- Expected to finish the bridge:- Within 437 days- Budget: $234 million- Technical score of 91.7 determined by:- Cost- Time- Technical capabilitywww.skilledworkers.comPlayers InvolvedPlayers Involved- Designers- Constructors- Inspectors- State and Federal Transportation Departments- City Planners- City Council Members- PolicymakersQuestions?Questions?ClipartDiscussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions- What changes will happen because of the disaster?- Minor?- Major?- Removal of policy?- New policy?- Is it realistic to update all on American infrastructure?- Is it fair to value life monetarily?- Is $4 Million/person a realistic value on human-life?- Should the fiscal worth of life be a factor in guiding policy?Discussion
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