Hartmann Psychology 1230-001 Fall 2005Study Guide #9:Chapter #9 & Lectures 16 & 17Chapter #9:1. Which of the following is most consistent with the discontinuity view of development as it pertains to the formation of relationships?A) Adolescents' ties with their peers are different than those with their siblings.B) Siblings close in age have a closer relationship in adulthood than siblings far apart in age.C) Children's relationships with their parents become more stressful over time.D) Late maturers form less-stable relationships with their peers than early maturers.E) Individuals tend to choose best friends who are the same gender and age as they are.2. Longitudinal research by Collins that looked at the relation between individuals' friendships in middle childhood and their dating at age 16 showed thatA) there was no relationship between the two.B) girls with poor friendships in middle childhood were likely to develop secure dating relationships as early as age 16.C) the more friends children have, the better their dating relationships are at age 16.D) the quality of individuals' relationships during middle childhood was associated with intimate, secure dating relationships at age 16.E) boys with few friends during middle childhood were more likely to develop a secure dating relationship at age 16.3. During the apex of pubertal growth, the greatest conflict is betweenA) mothers and sons.B) mothers and daughters.C) fathers and sons.D) fathers and daughters.E) male and female siblings.4. Couples who begin childbearing in their early thirties are more likely than couples who begin in their twenties to haveA) an authoritarian relationship with one another.B) boundary ambiguity.C) an authoritarian parenting style.D) an egalitarian relationship with one another.E) a neglectful parenting style.5. Fifteen-year-old Brad is often anxious about social comparison, fails to initiate activities with others, and has poor communication skills. According to Baumrind, what parenting style do his parents most likely use?A) indulgentB) authoritarianC) neglectfulD) authoritativeE) permissive6. Which of the following is NOT a reason given for why authoritative parenting is usually the most effective parenting style?A) Allowing children to express their views helps them to understand social relationships.B) Authoritative parents tend to be more consistent than parents using other parenting styles.Psychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #9, p. 2 of 6C) Adolescents are given the right balance of autonomy and restrictions.D) The warmth the parents exhibit makes the children feel more receptive to parental input.E) Verbal give-and-take with parents helps children learn to be socially competent.7. According to research, in comparison to mothers, fathers currently spend about how much time with their children and adolescents?A) as much timeB) one-twentieth the timeC) one-tenth the timeD) one-fifth to one-fourth the timeE) one-third to three-fourths the time8. Approximately what percentage of families with adolescents has intense, unhealthy, and prolonged adolescent-parent conflict?A) 5 to 10 percentB) 10 to 15 percentC) 20 to 25 percentD) 40 to 50 percentE) 50 to 60 percent9. According to Smetana's analysis of parent-adolescent conflict, which of the following adolescent behaviors would contribute most to decreased conflict during the late teens?A) less emphasis on relativistic thinkingB) active acceptance of family values and attitudesC) greater responsibilities at homeD) enhanced perspective-taking abilityE) increased autonomy10. In contrast to college students who live at home, students who go away to college reportA) feeling closer to their mother.B) less conflict with parents.C) more decision-making control.D) more autonomy.E) all of these11. Isaiah is continually angry with his father, yet also keeps trying to spend time with him. Then when they get together, inevitably there is conflict. Which category of insecure attachment is Isaiah most likely experiencing?A) insecure/autonomousB) dismissing/avoidantC) preoccupied/ambivalentD) unresolved/disorganizedE) emotional/autonomous12. Which type of insecure attachment is related to low parental influence due to mutual distancing?A) insecure/autonomousB) unresolved/disorganizedC) preoccupied/ambivalentD) dismissing/avoidantE) emotional/autonomousPsychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #9, p. 3 of 613. Which of the following comments made by a father about his eldest child is most consistent with current research findings concerning first-borns?A) "She's just not as interested in school as our middle child."B) "I don't know where she finds the time for homework and all her after-school clubs."C) "Sometimes I wonder why she's so awful to her younger brother."D) "She should be an ambassador with how she settles fights between kids on the block."E) "She's just too dependent on us!"14. It is likely that what percentage of children born to married parents will experience their parents' divorce?A) 65 percentB) 40 percentC) 25 percentD) 10 percentE) 5 percent15. According to research, which of the following statements about divorce is TRUE?A) Parenting skills decline during the year after a divorce.B) Adolescents with an easy temperament cope better with divorce than those with a difficulttemperament.C) Preschoolers cope with divorce worse than older children do.D) Female adolescents from divorced families are more likely than male adolescents to drop out of school.E) all of these16. In the United States the divorce rate for remarriages is _____________________________ than itis for first marriages.A) 50 percent lowerB) 10 percent lowerC) 50 percent higherD) 10 percent higherE) no higher or lower17. What type of family structure has the highest level of adjustment problems for the children?A) intact familiesB) stepfather familiesC) stepmother familiesD) stepfamilies with adopted childrenE) stepfamilies in which both parents bring children from a previous marriage18. The Jareck family just moved and one of the children in particular is having trouble adjusting. Most likely, which of the following children is this?A) Sara, who is 8 years oldB) Peter, who is 4 years oldC) Elizabeth, who is 14 years oldD) Jeremy, who is 13 years oldE) Cassandra, who is 17 years oldPsychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #9, p. 4 of 619. In a study of parenting behaviors in 186 countries around the