Astronomy 150 – Final Name:June 8, 2005 – Spring 2005 TA’s Name & Section:Answer all questions in the space provided. If you have any questions, raise your hand.100 points possible. No calculators.The star 51 Peg has an extra-solar planet 0.47 times the mass of Jupiter (or a little more massive thanSaturn) orbiting at a distance of only 0.052 AU. Assume that the 51 Peg planet is made of the same typeand abundance of elements as Jupiter.1 (5 pts) Explain why the 51 Peg planet would be difficult to detect if it was at the same distance as Jupiter.2 (8 pts) Describe how the visible appearance of its clouds and the diameter of the 51 Peg planet wouldcompare to Jupiter.3 (4 pts) The Roche limit for Saturn lies about 2.5 planetary radii away. This distance is:(a) at the orbit of Titan(b) at the largest gap in Saturn’s rings(c) near the outer edge of the rings(d) near the inner edge of the rings(e) just beyond the orbit of the outermost satelliteA friend hands you a piece of basalt he claims he saw fall from the sky. Since you have taken Astronomy150, he knows you will be able to confirm that is it a meteorite.4 (5 pts) If this sample is a meteorite, to what class of meteorites does it belong?You take this sample to your lab and determine its age to be about 1 billion years old.5 (5 pts) Explain why this sample probably did not originate in the asteroid belt or the Moon.You measure that all of the iron minerals are strongly aligned (they all point in the same direction) inthis sample.6 (5 pts) Explain why this sample probably did not originate on Mars or Venus.7 (5 pts) Explain the most likely origin of this sample.A lot of the facts that we have learned in this class come from analyzing extraterrestrial materials. On theright is a table of 3 extraterrestrial samples we have discussed in class.For each of the following facts, name thewhich sample was used to determine thefact (2 pts) and how the sample allowedus to determine the fact (5pts).Sample Collection PointMoon Rock - Impact Breccia Imbrium Basin, Apollo 15Meteorite - Iron Odessa, TexasMeteorite - Carbonaceous Chondrite Antarctica8 (7 pts) Fact #1: The Earth was heavily bombarded 3.8 billion years ago.Sample used:9 (7 pts) Fact #2: The Solar system formed 4.5 billion years ago.Sample used:10 (7 pts) Fact #3: Some asteroids are very differentiated.Sample used:On the facing page is the plot of the phase diagram of Methane (Top) and the temperature profile of Titan’satmosphere (Bottom). Use these plots to answer the following questions.11 (3 pts) What is the temperature on the surface of Titan? K12 (2 pts) What is the phase of Methane on the surface of Titan?  Solid  Liquid  Gas13 (2 pts) At what altitude is the atmosphere of Titan the coldest?km14 (2 pts) What is the phase of Methane at this coldest point?  Solid  Liquid  Gas15 (2 pts) What is the phase of Methane 100 km above the surface of Titan?  Solid  Liquid  Gas16 (3 pts) At what altitude above Titan does Methane change from a liquid to a solid?km17 (6 pts) Explain why liquid water can not exist on the surface of Titan, but may be abundant under thesurface.18 (3 pts) Saturn’s moon Titan is about the same size as the Earth’s Moon. Why can Titan retain a thickatmosphere while the Moon can not?(a) The Moon is more volcanically active than the Titan.(b) The Moon moves faster through space than Titan.(c) Titan is being tidal heated(d) The Moon is too cold to have an atmosphere(e) Titan is further from the Sun than the Moon19 (4 pts) On the left is the reflectance spectraof the Kuiper Belt Object Quaoar. Describe thevisible appearance of this object.20 (4 pts) On the same plot above, sketch and label the reflectance spectra of a piece of basalt.21 (4 pts) Quaoar has an estimated diameter of 1300 km (about the typical size of a giant planet satellite).Explain why Quaoar’s shape would be different from that of a typical asteroid.22 (4 pts) Which of the following worlds would you expect to have the most volatile materials?(a) The Moon(b) Mars(c) Io(d) Callisto(e) Quaoar23 (3 pts) And finally, list the top 100 objects in the solar