Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slides or view the video presentation available through BlackboardPsychology 372Physiological PsychologySteven E. Meier, Ph.D.1Planes of OrientationWays to Look at the BrainPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology2Neural Axis• Is an imaginary line drawn through the spinal cord and the brain• Anatomical directions are then based relative to the neural axis.Psyc 372 – Physiological Psychology3Cuts and Locations of Tissue Based on These CutsPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology4Horizontal or Transverse CutsPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology5Horizontal CutsDorsalRostral CaudalVentralPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology6Coronal Cuts (Frontal or Transverse Cuts)Rostral CaudalPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology7Axial Organization in Animals • Rostral - means toward the nose• Caudal - means toward the tail• Dorsal - means toward the back• Ventral - means toward the abdomenPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology8Humans• The long axis flexes between the brainstem and diencephalonPsyc 372 – Physiological PsychologyHorizontal Cut in the Human Brain9Psyc 372 – Physiological Psychology10Above the Flexure• Rostral means toward the nose• Caudal means toward the back of the head• Dorsal = Superior• means above, or toward top of the head• Ventral = Inferior• Means below or toward the JawPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology11In the Spinal Cord• Rostral means toward the neck and head• Caudal means toward the coccyx bone• Ventral means toward the abdomen• Dorsal means toward the backPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology12Sagital Cuts• Two types• Mid-Sagital• Para-SagitalPsyc 372 – Physiological Psychology13Mid-SagitalCut is through the center of the eyes, nose and mouth.Psyc 372 – Physiological Psychology14Para-SagitalCut is not through the center of the eyes, nose and mouth. Cut moves away from the midline.Psyc 372 – Physiological Psychology15Other Terms• Lateral - means to move away from the body midline• Medial - means to move toward the body midline.• Ipsilateral: means same side of brain • Contralateral: means opposite side of brainPsyc 372 – Physiological PsychologyCoronal Cuts• Generally cuts move from front to back• Is like a slice straight down the body from the top of the head. 16Psyc 372 – Physiological PsychologyCoronal
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