Natural HazardsGE 4150GE 4150Lecture OneSeptember 10, 2007Hazards• Hazards - relatively abrupt events that endanger lives and property•Natural •Natural • Human-caused disastershttp://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/Emergency Management• Planning and Mitigation• Preparedness• Response• RecoveryOrganizations• Government• Volunteer Groups• Scientists and Engineers• MediaNATURAL HAZARDSNATURAL HAZARDSNATURAL HAZARDSNATURAL HAZARDSIN THE AMERICAS: MAJOR THEMES IN THE AMERICAS: MAJOR THEMES AND ISSUESAND ISSUESIN THE AMERICAS: MAJOR THEMES IN THE AMERICAS: MAJOR THEMES AND ISSUESAND ISSUESGRAHAM A TOBINGRAHAM A TOBINDEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHYDEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY&&GRAHAM A TOBINGRAHAM A TOBINDEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHYDEPARTMENT OF GEOGRAPHY&&&&LINDA M. WHITEFORDLINDA M. WHITEFORDDEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGYDEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGYUNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDAUNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA&&LINDA M. WHITEFORDLINDA M. WHITEFORDDEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGYDEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGYUNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDAUNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA        !!"  !!"        !!"  !!"NATURAL DISASTERS REPORTED: GLOBAL NATURAL DISASTERS REPORTED: GLOBAL STATISTICS 1900STATISTICS 1900--20012001NATURAL DISASTERS REPORTED: GLOBAL NATURAL DISASTERS REPORTED: GLOBAL STATISTICS 1900STATISTICS 1900--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS DISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS AMERICAS 1975AMERICAS 1975--20012001DISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: CENTRAL DISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: CENTRAL AMERICA 1975AMERICA 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: CARIBBEAN DISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: CARIBBEAN 19751975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: SOUTH AMERICA DISTRIBUTION OF DISASTERS: SOUTH AMERICA 19751975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster Database• USA (653)• Canada (214)• Mexico (161) Brazil (159) Peru (137) Colombia (105) Ecuador (100)• Chile (77) Haiti (64) Argentina (57) Jamaica (45) Cuba (43) Venezuela (43) Guatemala (40) Honduras (40) Bolivia (37) Nicaragua (35) El Salvador (32) Costa Rica (31) NUMBER OF DISASTERS REPORTED:1900NUMBER OF DISASTERS REPORTED:1900--19931993(37) Nicaragua (35) El Salvador (32) Costa Rica (31) Dominican Rep. (31) Anguilla (29) Panama (26)• Puerto Rico (20) Bahamas (15) Guadeloupe (12) St Lucia (11) Martinique (11) St Vincent (11) Paraguay (11) Trinidad/Tobago (10) Dominica (9) Guyana (9) Uruguay (8) Bermuda (8) Belize (7) Barbados (7) Antigua (6) Grenada (6) St. Kitts (6) Neth. Antilles (3) Montserrat (3) St. Martin (2) Br. Virgin Is. (2) Suriname (2)Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of DisastersNUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN DISASTERS: NUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN DISASTERS: GLOBAL STATISTICS 1900GLOBAL STATISTICS 1900--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseNUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN REPORTED NUMBER OF PEOPLE KILLED IN REPORTED DISASTERS: GLOBAL STATISTICS 1975DISASTERS: GLOBAL STATISTICS 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: DISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: AMERICAS 1975AMERICAS 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: CENTRAL DISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: CENTRAL AMERICA 1975AMERICA 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: CARIBBEAN DISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: CARIBBEAN 19751975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: SOUTH AMERICA DISTRIBUTION OF FATALITIES: SOUTH AMERICA 19751975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseNUMBER OF PEOPLE AFFECTED BY REPORTED NUMBER OF PEOPLE AFFECTED BY REPORTED DISASTERS 1900DISASTERS 1900--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: AMERICAS 1975AMERICAS 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: CENTRAL DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: CENTRAL AMERICA 1975AMERICA 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: CARIBBEAN 1975CARIBBEAN 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseDISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: CENTRAL DISTRIBUTION OF PEOPLE AFFECTED: CENTRAL AMERICA 1975AMERICA 1975--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabaseESTIMATED DAMAGES ($US): GLOBAL STATISTICS ESTIMATED DAMAGES ($US): GLOBAL STATISTICS 19001900--20012001Source: OFDA/CRED International Disaster DatabasePHYSICAL FORCESMagnitude/IntensityFrequencyDurationSpatial ExtentSeasonalitySpeed of OnsetSOCIAL TRAITSGender/AgeEducation/EthnicityFamily StructureLength of ResidenceOccupation/TenurePsychological OutlookSTRUCTURAL FACTORSINDIVIDUAL SOCIETALProximity to Hazard Land Use PatternsType of Structure Wealth DistributionEmpowerment Resource ManagementSocial Networks/ Health LeadershipPolitical Structure DevelopmentRISKVULNERABILITYHAZARD DIMENSIONSRESPONSEMitigation - Loss Reduction StrategiesPERCEIVED/ ACTUALControl/ManageCannot Control/ManageINDIVIDUAL/GROUP/GOVERNMENTControl/ManageCannot Control/ManageCONTEXTUAL FILTERSPoliticsPoliticsAgeAgeGenderGenderVULNERABILITY ELEMENTSVULNERABILITY ELEMENTSEthnicityEthnicityDevelopmentDevelopmentEconomicsEconomicsPovertyPovertyRECOVERY MODELHurricane Katrina August