Chemistry 1A Unit 1 Page 1 Chem1A Unit 1 Review CHAPTERS 1 2 3 4 STUDY GUIDE FOR UNIT 1 Try numerous problems in the book to practice and work out Review Key terms concepts and equations Bonus problems are due at the start of the test For practice try the following problems as if part of a test Do what you can at a fairly quick pace before you look in the book for help Doing the problems is important DO NOT just look at problems It is important to actually pick up the pencil and calculator and WORK the problems You must SHOW WORK on the test for full credit This review is longer than a test My tests generally are 7 to 9 pages with room to show problem solving work 1 Significant Figures A B 2 Counting Significant Figures Circle the significant figures a 5280 feet exactly c 500 g 100 g b 0 00005640 cm d 30 0 ml Round the following to three significant figures a 1 783 c 23 3790 b 0 005497 d 8 2145 x 109 Calculations Multiply then Round a c e 9 87 1 23456 x 103 Add and Round 744 09 g 9 126 g 32 0942 g Subtract and Round 88 9870 g 7 29 g Divide then Round b d 321 g 5 971 g 1 1 g f 432 1 g 92 234 g Chemistry 1A Unit 1 3 Page 2 Conversions a m 0 347cm b F K 345 C c ml 0 0253 L d ft 50 3 cm e kg 165 pounds f m s 72 0 mi hr g How many inches are in 2 5 km h What is the value of 3 82 x 105 liter day if you convert to units of cubic feet per minute ft3 min i A square piece of aluminum is 10 0 cm on each side and has a mass of 7 40 grams Given that the density of aluminum is 2 70 g cm3 what is the thickness mm of the foil Chemistry 1A Unit 1 Page 3 4 Match the words with the descriptions Compound a uniform composition throughout the mixture Molecule b the capacity to do work Atom c a simple method of separating a solid from liquid Homogeneous d a bonded collection of two or more atoms that may have the same or different elements Cation e a method of separation that uses vaporization of one or more of the components Heterogeneous f A negatively charged atom or group of atoms Mixture g A positively charged atom or group of atoms Distillation h a mixture with different properties in various regions Anion i contains two or more different elements in a particular set ratio Filtration j the fundamental unit which elements are composed Energy k has variable composition and contains 2 or more substances Diatomic molecule l a tentative explanation concerning some phenomenon Strong electrolyte m gives off energy usually heat during a reaction Exothermic n a brief statement sometimes in mathematical terms used to summarize and describe patterns in large collections of scientific data Base o a substance that breaks apart completely into ions when dissolved in water can be an acid base or salt Hypothesis p an ionic compound which is not an acid or base Scientific law q a substance which accepts protons Density r refers to the closeness of the average value of a set of data agree to the correct or most probable value Precision s refers to how closely measurements of a set of data agree with each other reflecting the degree of reproducibility of measurements Acid t molecules composed of two atoms of the same element Accuracy u all the digits of a measurable quantity known with certainty plus the first uncertain digit Significant figures v the mass of a substance divided by its volume Salt w will donate H ions Endothermic x takes energy to complete reaction Chemistry 1A Unit 1 Page 4 5 Calculate the density of the liquid Volume of liquid sample 30 2 ml Mass of empty container 75 843 g Mass of container and liquid 155 633 g 6 What are the steps used when solving a problem by the scientific method 7 For the following give the name or symbol for the element identify if each is a metal or nonmetal Antimony S Copper F Mercury Pb 8 On the periodic table a group or family are elements in a vertical horizontal row 9 Identify which group each element belongs in alkali metal alkaline earth metal transition metal inner transition metal halogen noble gas 10 11 12 helium chlorine silver calcium potassium uranium Place a P before a physical property or change and a C before a chemical property or change ice melts at 0 C burning wood silver tarnishes wax melts Place a I before a intensive property and a E before an extensive property Density Temperature Mass Color What are the main ideas evidence and picture of the Atomic Theories listed a Dalton s b Thomson s c Rutherford s Chemistry 1A Unit 1 Page 5 13 How did Dalton s atomic theory explain the Law of Conservation of Mass the Law of Definite Proportions The Law of Multiple Proportions 14 Fill in the blanks isotope atomic number Z mass number A number of number of number of protons electrons neutrons p n e 40 18 107Ag 47 20 15 The atomic weight of chlorine is 35 453 amu There are only two naturally occurring isotopes 35Cl 34 96885 amu and 37Cl 36 9658 amu Calculate the percent abundance of each isotope 16 Use the principle of electrical neutrality to predict the formula of the binary compounds 2 1 3 2 2 2 3 a Mg and Cl b Fe and O c Ba and S d K and P 17 Determine the oxidation number charge of the indicated species Mn in MnO2 Cu in CuSO4 Cr in Cr2 CO3 3 Chemistry 1A Unit 1 18 Page 6 Write the name for the following Write the formula for the following Zn3 PO4 2 tin IV chromate PbSO3 hydrobromic acid NH4CN aluminum sulfide Cu C2H3O2 2 nitrous acid H2CO3 acetic acid HNO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate Na3PO4 10 H2O sodium bicarbonate K2HPO4 sulfur CH4 bromine P4O10 sodium hydroxide H2S g and H2S aq sulfur trioxide C3H8 Lithium perchlorate trihydrate N2O3 sulfuric acid HClO aq ethane Al2 SO3 3 iron III cyanide K2C2O4 dichlorine heptoxide CH3OH magnesium permanganate 19 Solve for the molecular weight and percent composition for NH4 2SO4 20 For a sample of 2 045 grams of Mg NO3 2 a solve for the molecular weight b solve for the number of moles of magnesium nitrate c solve for the number of formula units of magnesium nitrate d solve for the number of oxygen atoms in the given sample of magnesium nitrate Chemistry 1A Unit 1 Page 7 21 Solve for the empirical formula and molecular formula of a compound that is 24 78 C 2 08 H 73 14 Cl and has a molecular weight around 95 g mol 22 Sorbic acid is added …