Introduction to Music 1030 Study Guides fro Chapters 9-14 Be able to define the following terms: monophony, polyphony, homophony, chant, counterpoint, motet, madrigal, cantus firmus, polychoral motet, madrigal, consort Famous musicians of the Medieval Period: Hildegard von Bingen, Guillaume de Machaut, Josquin des Prez, Giovanni Gabrieli, Giovanni Palestrina 1. The theory of Western music is derived from the scholars of which country? 2. Which religious tradition dominated the history of Western music for its first 1400 years? 3. Music of the Middle Ages is mainly which genre? 4. The uniform chant repertoire became known as what? Who was responsible for its reform? 5. Who were the composers of chants? 6. What system formed the basis of Western music for over a thousand years? 7. What is the function of chant? 8. What change in music occurred in the 11th century? 9. How did polyphonic music of the 16th century differ from that of the 13th –14th century? 10. How can the period of the Renaissance be described? Dates? 11. The polyphonic settings of what have produced much of the great choral literature in Western Music? 12. Who composed the first unified mass setting? Title? 13. Who was a great composer of polychoral motets in the Renaissance? 14. Where did madrigals flourish? Madrigals allowed composers to approach composition in what manner? 15. Instrumental music of the Renaissance was modeled on what style? 16. How did the Protestant Reformation affect music? Chapter 10 Be able to define the following terms: homophonic texture, continuo, figured bass, chorale, terraced dynamics, concerto, concerto grosso, dance suite, cantata, oratorio, opera, fugue, da capo aria, recitative Famous musicians of the Baroque period: Claudio Monteverdi, Henry Purcell, J. S. Bach, George F. Handel 1. Where did music flourish in the Baroque period? 2. Who were the major patrons of the arts during this time (2) 3. What are the two instruments that comprise a continuo? 4. When did opera come into being and where? 5. Which two orchestral forms reached their peak in the late Baroque period? 6. What are the 2 major choral forms of the Baroque?Chapter 11 Be able to define the following terms: binary, ternary, diatonic, chromatic, concerto, sonata form, theme and variations, minuet and trio, rondo Famous musicians of the Classic period: Joseph Haydn, W.A. Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven 1. How does the Baroque period contrast to the Classic period? 2. What instrumental combo disappeared in the Classic period , because all the parts were written out? 3. What families of instruments comprise the symphony orchestra? 4. What instrument replaced the harpsichord in popularity? 5. What was the primary vocal genre of the Classic period? How did Classicl opera differ from Baroque opera? 6. What are the basic divisions of sonata form? Chapter 12 Be able to define the following terms: absolute music, program music, libretto, ballet, strophic, rubato, miniatures, lieder, music drama, Bayreuth, Nationalism Famous musicians of the Romantic period: Clara Schumann, Fanny Mendelssohn- Hensel, Johannes Brahms, Frederic Chopin, Franz Schubert, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Giuseppe Verdi, Richard Wagner 1. As the patronage system began to decline in the Romantic period, what new business aspect of music became important? 2. What is the texture of most of the music of the 19th century? 3. In the second part of the century, there was an increase in what two characteristics to create musical tension and emotion? 4. What 2 factors contributed to the rise of German lieder? Who composed over 600 lieder? 5. Which 19th century composer’s music is most closely aligned to the classical ideals of form and structure? 6. Who was the greatest figure of 19th century Italian opera and a national hero? 7. What did Wagner call his operas? Name his cycle of four operas. Chapter 13 Be able to define the following terms: avant-garde, tone clusters, disjunct, impressionism, atonality, serial composition (12 tone technique), musique concrète, chance music, neoclassical, minimalism Famous musicians of the modern age of classical music: Claude Debussy, Igor Stravinsky, Arnold Schoenberg, Edgar Varèse, JohnCage, Bela Bartók, Charles Ives, Aaron Copland, Amy Cheney Beach, George Gershwin1. What is a generalization that can be made about modern classical music? 2. Instead of melody and harmony, what did 20th century composers emphasize? 3. From where is the term impressionism derived? Who is the most famous composer identified with this term in music? 4. Which Russian composer explored irregular meters ad shifting accents with innovative uses of instruments? 5. Which Austrian composer is most identified with 12-tone technique? 6. The invention of magnetic tape recording led to what type of music? Where did this experimentation take place? 7. Which American composer made his livelihood in the insurance business? What did he infuse in his music that made it distinctly American? 8. Which American composer is the best-known and most successful composer of classical music? 9. Which American woman composer composed the Gaelic Symphony and had her music performed at the New York Philharmonic? 10. Which American Tin Pan Alley composer wrote the American folk opera, Porgy and