CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Homework Chapters 0, 1, 2Due Monday, January 23Chapt. 0: 0-1, 0-4Chapt. 1: 1-4, 1-13, 1-17, 1-18, 1-22, 1-27, 1-31Chapt. 2: 2-1, 2-5, 2-7, 2-10, 2-18, 2-21Extra Credit: Email Dr. Ingram ([email protected])Information about yourself (major, career goals), where youare from, anything else. Also due Friday, Jan. 27CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1CHM 320: Analytical ChemistrySpring 2006Northern Arizona University, Department of ChemistryInstructor: Dr. Jani C. Ingram Office: Chemistry Rm 219 Phone: 928-523-7877Office Hours: Monday 10:30 to 11:20 am Wednesday 12:30 pm to 1:30 pm or BY APPOINTMENTPrerequisite: CHM 152 or CHM 230 – Concurrent enrollment in CHM 320L is recommended.Course Description:Description – An introduction to the principles and practicesof chemical analysis, with an emphasis on stoichiometryand equilibrium calculations will be presented.CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Grading Policy:Homework - Homework assigned from problems in the text book will be assigned, collected, and graded at the end of each chapter. At the end of the semester, your homework score will be normalized to 100 points (the equivalent of one hour exam) by dividing your total homework points by the maximum total points possible for all the collected homework sets. There will be a 10% late penalty for each class period that a homework set is turned in late (up to 3 class periods).Exams – Three 60 minute exams will be given during class on the following dates:Friday, February 24Friday, March 17Friday, April 28Each exam will concentrate on material covered since the previous exam. The Final Exam will be given on Wednesday, May 10 (10 am to 12 pm), and will be comprehensive covering all the material discussed during the semester. The Final Exam will count 150 points.Missed Homework and Exams – In most cases, no points or make-up exams will be given for homework more than 3 class periods late or missed exams. Institutional excuses and documented illnesses will be considered on an individual basis. Grading Scale - Homework (normalized) 100 ptsExams (3 @ 100 pts each) 300 ptFinal Exam 150 ptsTotal Points Possible 550 ptsA > 90% B 90% to 80% C 79% to 70% D 69% to 50% F < 50%CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Texts & Calculator: Quantitative Chemical Analysis, 6th Edition, Daniel C. Harris, 2003, W. H. Freeman and Company, New York.Solutions Manual for Quantitative Analysis, 6th Edition, Daniel C. Harris, 2003, W. H. Freeman and Company, New YorkYou will need a “scientific calculator” (ln x, ex, log x, 10x) for the homework and exams.Reading: You will be held accountable for the reading assignments (text, specific literature, etc.). Important Dates:February 24 First ExamWeek of March 20 - 27 Spring Break + 1 (no classes)March 17 Second ExamApril 28 Third ExamMay 10 Final Exam (10 am to 12 pm)CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Chapter 0: The Analytical ProcessHow important is Analytical Chemistry?¾ Provides the data needed to answer questions and test hypotheses.¾ Utilized by many scientific and engineering disciplines¾ A large part of what any chemist (and other scientists) does as part of their job.CHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Thanks ShannonCHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1Definitions¾ Sampling¾ Homogeneous¾ Heterogeneous¾ Qualitative¾ Quantitative¾ Sample preparation¾ Calibration curve¾ Standards¾ Species¾ Analyte¾ Interference¾ MaskingCHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 1General Steps in a Chemical AnalysisFormulate the question or hypothesis•Select the analytical procedures•Sampling•Sample Preparation•Analysis•Reporting and interpreting data•Draw conclusionsCHM 320 Chapter 0 Lecture 120 Questions For Planning AnalysisIs measurement information required for one component or several?Is the desired information qualitative or quantitative?Is detailed speciation necessary, i.e. is the oxidation state or the complexed state of a given analyte essential?What are the expected analyte concentrations?What degree of precision is required?What degree of accuracy is required?What is the physical state of the samples, i.e. gas, liquid or solid?What is the sample matrix and which of these matrix components are likely to act as interferences? The answer to the latter part of this question will define the required selectivity?What is the total number of samples to be analyzed and how many sample analyses will be required per month, day, hour, etc.?Economics, i.e. how much money is available for the necessary equipment and how much can be spent per analysis?When are the data required and how much time can be spent on method development?How much sample will be available for each determination?What sample handling and preparation steps are necessary?Are the sampling efficiencies known where overall efficiency = collection efficiency x recovery efficiency?Is the analysis to be performed in the laboratory or at a field site?Is continuous, unattended monitoring desirable? If so, what degree of equipment reliability, response stability and automation are required?What is the level of analytical expertise of the people who will actually performing the laboratory work?Are high purity reference standards available?What safety practices are required, e.g. do radioactive, extremely poisonous, or carcinogenic reagents pose a safety risk?What is the desired form of data output, i.e. analog strip chart recordings, digital printouts, floppy disk storage, internet,