Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. Finish filmII. HerbertOutline of Current Lecture II. Regulation of Gene TranscriptionCurrent Lecture-Policing Urban Space: Territorial Control and Forms of Resistance in Los Angeles- Herbert’s book is an ethnography.o He’s trying to explain how and why people understand and experience the world the way they do.o “Territoriality”: A strategy to affect, influence, or control resources and people, b controlling area or space. Police are not actually trying to protect but rather control space Ex: When police break up a house party they don’t call the house owner a criminal but state that a party cannot be held at that house and at that specific time. o In order to understand how police enforce the law, we have to think of them as social actors.  Social actors-the idea that we are agents, we are controlling our bodies, we are acting in a social world controlled by economics, politics, the normatives. o Structure: social, political economic, and cultural patterns that limit or shape the choices peoplemake.o Agency: The constrained choices people make as they negotiate larger social meanings and structures.  There’s a lot of pressure on us to learn to discipline ourselves and learn the rules.  Michel Foucault’s cell design. - In the center of the tower there was only one guard and all the prisoners were in the cells below. They couldn’t see the guard so they never know if the guard is watching them. They always think he could be watching, so they learn to discipline themselves. This is a metaphor on how power works on us. GEOG 3 1st Editiono What shapes the strategies police choose to control space? What are they, as individuals, negotiating in the decisions they make in their everyday jobs?  Normative order: A set of rules and practices centered on a primary value. o Six normative orders shaping LAPD spatial strategies/territoriality: 1. Law: - The enforcement of law is…colored by a variety of extralegal considerations, many of them involving the particular characteristics of the locales where the police intervene - Laws create the conditions of possibility for police action. - Public space: an area that is open and accessible to all citizens. o Ex: City streets and parks, campus, public buses- Private space: an area that is privately owned and controlledo Privately owned residents/houses- The law shapes how police officers conceptualize the areas they patrol by defining the crimes they are likely to encounter in those areas2. Bureaucratic regulations- Horizontal and vertical variationso Vertical: whose higher rankedo Horizontal: they can both have same level of seniority but may have different tasks. - Inside cops: management inside the police station- Outside: 3. Adventure/machismo- A subcultural collection of rules and practices that values courage, power, and aggressiveness of an officer eager to be pitted against the most lethal criminality.- All officers are affected by this normative order, either embracing or rejecting it to a certain degree- Relishes the thrill of pursuit, actively seeks felonious criminals, and values the “instinct” as a guide to behavior. - Hard chargers- They are unafraid to face dangerous challenges- They tend to view space in a particular way:o As the quarry they can captureo As empty space that is marked along grids and axes that they can use to locate and controlo Clip: Dirty Harry- Station Queen: an officer who would rather be inside than outside, someone ehowould rather attend to the safe predictability of paperwork than to the more variable and dangerous reality od parole4. Safety- Helicopters to monitor what ‘s going on.- Geographic intelligence: knowledge about possible escape routes or hideouts in ones territory and learning about where a suspect may be- Pro-police vs. anti-police areaso Pro: residents will work with the police and do what the can to assist officerso Anti: police will be met with hostility and people will show ignorance to obstruct police efforts5. Competence6. Moralityo Police officers constantly work to develop definitions of the situations they encounter.o Different officers, in different ranks, and at different times and places, will disagree about which order is most