PSCI 1040 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture What are Politics and how do they work Outline of Current Lecture First Continental Congress Second Continental Congress Olive Branch Petition More on the 2nd Continental Congress Declaration of Independence 1776 The Articles of Confederation 1777 Confederation Confederation Failure due to Constitutional Convention 1787 The Ages of the Founding Fathers on July 4 1776 Virginia Plan The Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan Key Points of the Great CT Compromise The 3 5ths Compromise Conflict over the Executive An Anarchronism that lives on What if the Electoral College doesn t reflect the popular vote Judicial Compromise Current Lecture The Founding Fathers and the Constitution Lecture 2 First Continental Congress An organized effort to rectify the relationship on the 12 colonies with England Nothing really happened at this meeting and nothing was resolved Second Continental Congress There is growing rebellion in the American Colonies This is the British Soldiers effort to end that These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute rebellion Olive Branch Petition Olive Branch sign of peace This was a message to King George that they want to have a relationship with England They do not however want the Intolerable Acts More on the 2nd Continental Congress Now the American Colonies are at war with an incredibly strong military force England The Colonies know they must organize the country in the same form so they created the Continental Army Declaration of Independence 1776 The Basic Plan for the Colonies orchestrated by Thomas Jefferson if we pledge ourselves to the government give our obedience we give away certain rights in exchange for the governments protection The Declaration is not considered a governing document today It is based on life liberty and the pursuit if happiness The Articles of Confederation 1777 Didn t last more than 8 years Today s government lots of power states less Federalism Before most power in the state and less in the government Confederation ex European Union Confederation Weak government with one branch which is Congress It operates by super majority rule which means 9 out of 13 must vote yes The states had the most power Confederation failure due to A Confederation did not work because they had no way of raising its own money taxes Constitutional Convention 1787 Was hard to create solutions to problems They realized it was too messy and felt like they could not fix it so they decided to just start over The Ages of the Founding Fathers on July 4 1776 Active in fighting for the Constitution SO YOUNG Alexander Hamilton and James Madison wrote the Federalist Papers The Virginia Plan Done by site of state Bigger state more seats more power Smaller state fewer seats This plan benefits high population states The Virginia Plan and The New Jersey Plan Both want a President Both want power in the Federal Government Key Points of the Great CT Compromise Compromise between 2 plans The 3 5ths Compromise Lots of fighting against the founders How do you deal with slaves How much is their vote worth Slaves are 60 of a person This way it follows the Constitution Conflict Over The Executive Electoral College Compromise Small States cdid not like the idea of popular vote How the Electoral College Works We vote for an elector not a President We vote for an elector who subsequently elects the President An Anachronism that Lives On Particians spend lots of money on high populations swing states because they go back and forth politically so both parties can have a chance winning their votes Politicians don t waste their time on states like Texas or New York Swing States States where the race is going to be very close What if the Electoral College doesn t reflect the popular vote Must have zero votes to become President Judicial Compromise Judicial Review Where courts draw their power from They can say no to congress and no to the President