EE15N: The Art and Science of Engineering Design Lecture 5: Generating Design IdeasWriting Assignment (3-5 pages, due 2/9)What is a Design Space?Complex Design SpacesDesign Space DecompositionExpand the Design Space: Generating design ideasHow to use existing design ideasPatentsGroup activitiesMorphological Chart: Organizing Functions & MeansCell Phone Function/Feature ListSelecting The Best DesignDesign for XDesign for ManufacturingDesign for AffordabilityDesign for ReliabilityDesign for SustainabilityGroup activityToday’s SpeakerEE15N: The Art and Science of Engineering DesignLecture 5: Generating Design IdeasAnnouncementsDue at Midnight Tonight: Brainstorming Notes & Objective TreeDue next week: First writing assignmentWhat is a design space?Generating design ideasLimiting the design spaceMorphological chartsSelecting the best designDesign for XWriting Assignment (3-5 pages, due 2/9)Report on how society shapes technology or vice versa.Examples: stem cell research, cell phones, nuclear power, the Internet, Twitter.A case study of a complex engineering projectExamples: the IPOD/iPhone, Facebook, the space shuttle, the power grid, MRIs, electric cars.Describe in more detail an engineering project executed by one of our guest speakersPick your own topic related to engineering designSecond writing assignment due 3/9What is a Design Space?Conceptualization of a space that incorporates all possible designsJuice Container Design SpaceCardboard boxPlastic bagGlass bottlePlastic bottleAluminum canStrawhole accessTwistoff capMetal capPullringPushtabComplex Design SpacesA problem has a large design space ifThe number of potential designs is largeThe number of design variables and/or the number of values they can assume is largeArtifacts with large design spacesAirplanesBuildings…By contrast, what has a small design space?How do their designspaces differ?Design Space DecompositionAirplaneSeatsEmergencyExitsOverheadBinsWingsPassengerCompartmentKitchenFuselageCockpitSeats ControlsWindshieldExpand the Design Space:Generating design ideasTake advantage of available design ideasProduct literature on existing productsVisionary/research papers and articles Patent search (www.uspto.gov, google.com/patents, freepatentsonline.com)Expand on available design ideasCreate patentsGroup activities for idea generationBrainstorm via divergent and convergent thinkingHow to use existing design ideasFind and understand themLiterature/WWW searchAdvertising and product literatureDesign and legal codesStandardsLeverage existing productsBenchmark how they performDissect or reverse-engineer themPatentsPatents must spell out very clearly the design being patented.If you understand a patent well you can often work around it. A patent does not protect IP until it is prosecuted.Two types of patents:Design: for form or appearance; based on drawingsFunction: for design function, based on specifications of design functionGroup activitiesDivergent thinking: try to remove limits or barriers on design ideasConvergent thinking: narrowing the design space to focus on the best alternativesMethods (n team members)n:3:n-1: Each member writes 3 ideasn lists rotated among n-1 team members for commentsC-sketch: like above, but with picturesGallery: sketches done individually, then postedMorphological Chart:Organizing Functions & MeansList of functions or features.List of different means of each function or feature identified.Assemble designs in the classic Chinese Menu style.Cell PhoneFunction/Feature List Objective: Cell phone with most bells & whistles.Function/Feature Lists:Selecting The Best DesignNumerical Evaluation Matrix.Weighted Checkmarks.Best of Class Chart.Use Common Sense When Look At Results!Design for XWhere X is an attribute:ManufacturingAffordabilityReliabilitySustainabilityQualityDesign for ManufacturingMinimize cost of production and/or time to market, while maintaining an appropriate level of quality.Basic Method comprised of 6 steps:1. Estimate manufacturing costs for a given design2. Reduce costs of components3. Reduce costs of assembly4. Reduce cost of supporting production5. Consider effects of DFM on other objectives6. If results are not acceptable, revise design againDesign for AffordabilityTrue Cost = Initial Purchase Costs + Operating & Maintenance Costs over Life of DevicePrinciple Elements of Initial Costs:LaborMaterialOverheadDesign for ReliabilityReliability: the probability that a device will function under stated conditions for a stated measure of usage. Common metric: Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF)Maintainability as a component of ReliabilityDesign for SustainabilityLife-cycle Assessment (LCA): Understand, analyze and document full range of environment effects of a product: DesignManufactureTransportSaleUseDisposalGroup activityThe 4:3:3 activity for a cell phoneToday’s SpeakerDivya RamachandranUC