Slide 1Slide 2THREE STATES OF MATTERProperties of GasesThe Ideal Gas EquationSlide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Laboratory 14A CAPSTONE EXPERIENCE: TOWARD THE CREATION OF AN AUTOMOBILE AIRBAGObjectives1. Integrate general chemistry I concepts to create a model for an automobile airbag2. Determine a method and then carry out appropriate procedures to inflate a bag with a gas, given a specified set of materialsTHREE STATES OF MATTERTHREE STATES OF MATTERTHREE STATES OF MATTERTHREE STATES OF MATTERGeneral Properties General Properties of Gasesof Gases•There is a lot of “free” space in a gas.There is a lot of “free” space in a gas.•Gases can be expanded infinitely.Gases can be expanded infinitely.•Gases fill containers uniformly and Gases fill containers uniformly and completely.completely.•Gases diffuse and mix rapidly.Gases diffuse and mix rapidly.Properties of GasesProperties of GasesGas properties can be modeled using math. Model depends on—•V = volume of the gas (L)•T = temperature (K)•n = amount (moles)•P = pressure (atmospheres)The Ideal Gas EquationIdeal gas law the functional relationship between the pressure, volume, temperature and moles of a gas. P = pressureV = volumeT = temperature (Kelvin)n = number of molesR = gas constantPV = nRTPV = nRTPV = nRTPV = nRTThe volume of 1 mol of an ideal gas under standard conditions, V = nRT = (1 mol) [0.082057 (L•atm)/(K•mol)] (273.15 K) = 22.41 L P 1 atmStandard molar volume of an ideal gasThe volume of 1 mol of an ideal gas at 0ºC and 1 atm pressure is 22.41 L, called the standard molar volume of an ideal gas.Using PV = nRTUsing PV = nRTHow much N2 is required to fill a small room with a volume of 960 cubic feet (27,000 L) to 745 mm Hg at 25 oC?Solution1. Get all data into proper units V = 27,000 L T = 25 oC + 273 = 298 K P = 745 mm Hg (1 atm/760 mm Hg) = 0.98 atm R= 0.0821 L atm / mol KPV = nRTNow plug in those values and solve for the unknown.n = (0.98 atm)(2.7 x 104 L)(0.0821 L • atm/K • mol)(298 K)n = (0.98 atm)(2.7 x 104 L)(0.0821 L • atm/K • mol)(298 K)n = 1.1 x 103 mol (or about 30 kg of gas)Importance of GasesImportance of Gases•Airbags fill with NAirbags fill with N22 gas in an gas in an accident. accident. •Gas is generated by the Gas is generated by the decomposition of sodium azide, decomposition of sodium azide, NaNNaN33..•2 NaN2 NaN33 ---> 2 Na + 3 N ---> 2 Na + 3 N22•Electronic sensors built into the car detect collisions, and an electrical impulse is sent to the air bag, igniting it. •The air bag itself is made of nylon and contains very small pores, and will deflate soon after inflating to allow the passenger to exit the vehicle.Your task is to simulate the construction of an air bag using a ziplock bag, baking soda (NaHCO3) and acetic acid (HC2H3O2)The reaction produces , which inflates the ziplock bag. carbon dioxide gasNaHCO3(s) + HC2H3O2(aq)  (baking soda) (acetic acid )CO2(g) + NaC2H3O2(aq) +