Resource Model BuildingMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES Model Validation Study in the SELCOMPARISON OF NL, DL, LSEL - EFFORT vs LINES OF CODEEFFORT vs LINES OF CODEEFFORT vs DEVELOPED LINESEFFORT vs DEVELOPED MODULESDURATION vs EFFORTSTAFF SIZE vs EFFORTDURATION vs LINESDOCUMENTATION vs LINESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding your Own ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESApplication of the Model in the SELMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESApplication of the Model in the SELMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESBuilding Your Own ModelUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSRelation of Other Factors with ProductivityUSING THE SAME DATA FOR OTHER GOALSThe Effect of Various Factors on QUALITYMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESStatic Adjusted BaselineMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESStatic Adjusted BaselineMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES Levels of the COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES Modes of the COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES Formulas the Basic COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES Formulas the Basic COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCES The Intermediate COCOMO ModelINTERMEDIATE COCOMO MODELHow to Use the Cost DriversMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESFormulas of the Intermediate COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESFormulas of the Intermediate COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESSource Code Size Used in the COCOMO ModelSOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EFFORT MULTIPLIERSSOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT EFFORT MULTIPLIERSMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESOther Parameters Used in the COCOMO ModelMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESCOCOMO IIHOW TO USE THE MODELSReferencesResource Model BuildingMODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESModel Validation StudyWalston and Felix build a model of resource estimation for the set of projects at the IBM Federal Systems Division.They did this by characterizing the relationship between size and effort for projects in their environment.They studied the relationship of other variables and how they affected effort.They also characterized other relationships, e.g., the relationship between size and number of pages of documentation.Do the W/F equations hold in other environments? Do the same parameters affect effort in other domains.Are there other measures of size that might be of interest? Can there be further tailoring of their model?MODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESModel Validation Study in the SELObject of study:relationships among variables, e.g., size and effort Purpose: Evaluation (Valid for another environment? )Improvement (Other variables that do better?)Focus: Qualtiy of relationship/ fit of the data to a relationshipPoint of view: Organization (management)/ researcherEnvironment: SELGoal: Analyze the relationship between size and effort for the purpose of evaluation (improvement)of the Walston-Felix equations with respect to the quality of the fit of the data to the curve from the point of view of the organizationObject of Study Model: E = a*Sizebspecifically E = 5.2L.91Focus Model: Standard Error of Estimate, R2Basili/FreburgerUniversity of Maryland, 1979MODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESModel Validation Study in the SELAre there other parameters of interest?e.g., DL = number of developed/delivered sourcelines of code (new code + 20% reused code)M = total number of modules = FORTRAN Subroutine IDM= total number of developed modules(all new or more than 20% new)P= productivity = L/ERDTODL =ratio of developed to toatal lines of code (.2 --> all old, I --> all new)RDTODM= ratio of developed to total modulesBasili/FreburgerUniversity of Maryland, 1979MODELING AND MEASURING RESOURCESModel Validation Study in the SELSEL DataWe have examined a set of projects - Dealing with ground support software- Ranging from 2K to 101K developed source lines- Duration ranging from 4.6 to 17.4 months- Effort ranging from 5 to 138 staff months- Average staff size from 1 to 8 people- Productivity from 413 to 1068 developed sourcelines/staff month with an average of 668developed source lines/staff month- Data covers design through acceptance test- Includes manager, programmer and support staffCOMPARISON OF NL, DL, L140.00120.00100.0020.0080.0060.0040.00NLDLLNew Lines SizeStaff Months10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00 60.00 70.00 80.00 90.00 100.00 110.00 120.00SEL - EFFORT vs LINES OF CODE +++++++++++++++10 010 110 210 3K’s of100101102103SELEFFORT(MAN-MONTHS)E = 1.38L. 93SE = 1.31R2= .93EFFORT vs LINES OF CODE+++++++++++++++10 010 110 210 3K’s of100101102103EFFORT(MAN-MONTHS)SEL- 1SEW / F+ 1SE SELE = 1.38L. 93R2= .93 W / FE = 5.2L. 91R2 = .64EFFORT vs DEVELOPED LINES++++++++++++++10 010 110 2100101102103EFFORT(MAN-MONTHS)SEL-1SE+1SE+K’s OF DEVELOPED LINESE = 1.48DL.98SE = 1.29R2 = .96EFFORT vs DEVELOPED MODULES++++++++++++++10 110 210 3100101102103EFFOR(MAN-MONTHS)E = .185 DM1SE =R2 = .88DEVELOPEDSELDURATION vs EFFORT++++++++++++++10 010 110 210 3100101102Duration(months)EFFORT (MAN-MONTHS)SELW / F+W / FD = 2.47E. 35SE = 1.35R2= .592SELD = 4.39E. 26SE = 1.37R = .52STAFF SIZE vs EFFORT10 - 110 010 1AVERAGSTAFFSIZE SELS = .24E. 73SE =R2 = .8910 010 110 210 3EFFORT (MAN -W / FS = .54E.6SE =R2 =.79SELW / F+++++++++++++++1.561.38DURATION vs LINES10 010 110 210 3K’s of100101102Duratio(months+1SEW / FSEL-1SE++++++++++++++ SELD = 4.55L.26R2= .55SE = 1.36 W / FD = 4.1L.36SE = 1.72R2= .41DOCUMENTATION vs LINES10 010 110 210 3+++++++++++++++K’s of101102103104DOCUMEN-TATION (PAGES)W / F+1SESEL- 1SE SELDOC = 30.4L. 9SE = 1.41R2 = .92 W / FDOC =