1 EXAM 1 - Overview FORMAT  Bring a scantron  Some T/F  Some Mult Choice  Some Problem Solving  NOT open notes/book Exam 1 - Review 22 Topics Covered 1. Basic Input/Output 2. Arithmetic in C++ 3. Selection 4. Repetition 5. Functions 6. Arrays 7. Searching & Sorting 8. Structs  and some other smaller topics like files Exam 1 - Review 3 Some tips – avoiding test anxiety  Get a good nights rest ● I know this is tough, but you don’t think as well without sleep  Don’t skip a meal before an exam ● Your brain needs protein  try not to eat a high carb meal  Don’t Cram! Pace your studying ● Try not to put it off until the last minute ● If you pace yourself  you will be prepared  Study with classmates so you can compare notes ● don’t discuss the exam just before coming in ● their anxiety may impact you  Take deep breaths  relax yourself ● Thing positive thoughts  remind yourself that you are prepared  Don’t get bogged down on a question ● answer the questions you know quickly  go back to the others  Ask Questions ● Calm yourself before you come in…  Avoid being late Exam 1 - Review 43  T/F A C++ identifier may not begin with a digit or an underscore.  What is a literal constant?  What type of loop should be used for a program segment that should sum a list of positive integers (it is unknown how many inputs the user will provide_?  What should the LCV be?  What should the sentinel value be?  When should you initialize the LCV, for each loop?  When should you update the LCV, for each loop? 5 B a s i c s  What is this symbol <<?  What can be on the left side of the insertion operator?  What can be on the right side of the insertion operator?  Which manipulator(s) would you use output in columns ?  What are the escape sequences?  Which output manipulators would you use to format floating point numbers?  Know how they work together Exam 1 - Review 6 Ou t p u t4  What is this symbol >>?  What can appear on the left side of the extraction operator?  What can appear on the right side of the extraction operator?  When do you have to use .ignore() when reading in c-strings or strings?  What function do you use to get a line of characters and place it in a string  T/F cin always reads directly in from the keyboard Exam 1 - Review 7 I n p u t  What is the difference between type coercion and type casting?  How would the following statement be evaluated? in1 = ( fn3 = (in2 = 5) * (4 / 8.0) ) * 2;  Rewrite the following using combined operators: The remainder of n1 divided by (n2 * 12) with the value stored in n1  Also understand Boolean expressions and the conditional operator. 8 A r i t hme t i c5  What is the order of precedence?  How would the following statement s be evaluated? a = 4; b = 3; c = --a + 10 * b++; 9 A r i t hme t i c Order of Precedence () ++, -- ! (unary) * / % + - < <= > >= == != && || = += -= *= /= %=  T/F If a function contains a statement that changes a value parameter, only the copy of the argument is changed, not the original.  How do you declare a function?  Where does the prototype go?  What is the scope of a local identifier?  T/F The scope of a value parameter is identical to the scope of a local variable declared in the outermost block of the function body.  T/F In C++, corresponding arguments from a calling function and parameters from a called function must have the same name.  When would you use a void function? 10 F u n c t i o n s6  How do you return multiple values from a function?  What is a side effect?  How can we avoid side effects? Parameter passage by reference is used if a parameter's data flow is a) one-way, into the function b) one-way, out of the function c) two-way, into and out of the function  T/F When passing by value data flow is one-way – into the function  What type of arguments can be sent from the calling function when passing by reference? 11 F u n c t i o n s  What type of arguments can be sent from the calling function when passing by value?  T/F All functions should have a return statement.  If a module is supposed to compute and return the average of five numbers, which is more appropriate a value returning function or a void function?  T/F Functions must have a return data type  What should the return data type for main be?  What is the advantage of using functions? 12 F u n c t I o n s7  What are the three steps in the function process  Where do each of the steps above occur  Declare a function that is passed two integers representing a sum and a count and returns an average.  Declare a function that returns the sum & avg of an integer array.  T/F You can only have 1 return statement in a function  What is an advantage of passing by value? 13 F u n c t I o n s  What is a disadvantage of passing by value?  When we pass by reference what is passed to the calling function.  What is a disadvantage of passing my reference?  How do you pass by reference? 14 F u n c t I o n s8  T/F You can put executable code in a header file.  T/F It doesn’t matter what order the directives and declarations appear in a header file.  What order should the directives appear and why?  What are these lines in a header file for? #ifndef MYHEADER_H_ #define MYHEADER_H_ #endif  Does the extension for your header file matter?  How do you include a user-defined header file? 15 H e a d e r F i l e s  What is an array?  Is this a valid statement: firstArray = secondArray;  Is this a valid statement: if(firstArray == secondArray)  T/F an array is a composite data type.  Why should we use constants for array size?  How do we initialize an array? 16 A R R A Y S9  T/F An individual component of an array cannot be passed as an argument to a function. The entire array must be sent.  How many different data types can you …