BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System CHAPTER 8 FUNDAMENTALS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM & NERVOUS TISSUE FUNCTIONS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM:stimulussensory receptors1. Sensory Input2. Integration3. Motor Outputeffector organ ORGANIZATION / BASIC DIVISIONS of Nervous SystemAccording to structure:I. Central Nervous System1.2. II. Peripheral Nervous System 1.2.3.Anikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 1 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System According to function:A. Sensory or Afferent Division 1. somatic sensorya. generalb. special2. visceral sensoryB. Motor or Efferent Division1. Somatic motor2. Visceral motor = Autonomic Nervous Systema) sympathetic divisionb) parasympathetic divisionAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 2 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System HISTOLOGY Of Nervous TissueTwo types of nervous tissue:1. neuroglial cells2. neuronsGLIAL CELLS (neuroglial) a. astrocytesb. microgliac. ependymald. oligodendrocytese. Schwann cellsAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 3 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System NEURONS- cell body = soma = perykaryonchromatophilic Nissle bodiesneurofibrilles- processes or fibers dendritesaxons = nerve fibersaxon hillockcollateralsterminal branchesaxon terminalsneurotransmitteraxonal transportAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 4 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System CLASSIFICATION Of NEURONS 1. Structural Classification1) multipolar2) bipolar3) unipolar2. Functional Classification1) sensory/afferent neurons* dendrites associated with receptors* terminate in CNS2) motor/efferent neurons* cell bodies in CNS* terminate in effector organs3) interneurons or association neurons* entire cell in CNS* connect motor and sensory neuronsAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 5 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System STRUCTURE OF A CHEMICAL SYNAPSETypes of synapsesAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 6 of 7BIOL 2304/ 2101 Human Anatomy Chapter 8 Intro to Nervous System MyeIin1) in the PNS - Schwann cells myelin sheathneurilemmanodes of Ranvier2) in the CNS - oligodendrocytesGRAY MATTER AND WHITE MATTERa. gray matter = CNS: nucleus & cortexPNS: ganglionb. white matter = CNS: tract PNS: nerveCNS & PNS: pathwaysAnikó Szabó Hill MD, PhD 7 of