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Life’s Transitions

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Chapter 19ObjectivesObjectives (cont.)Growing OldSuccessful AgingABC News Video: Seniors Say No to RetirementOlder AdultsNumber of Americans Age 65 and Older (in millions), Years 1900–2000, and Projected 2010–2050Health Issues for an Aging SocietyLiving Arrangements of Americans Age 65 and OlderPowerPoint PresentationTheories on AgingNormal Effects of Aging on the BodyChanges in the Body and MindChanges in the Body and Mind (cont.)Alzheimer’s DiseaseAlzheimer’s Disease (cont.)Health Challenges of Older AdultsStrategies for Healthy AgingCaring for Older AdultsABC News Video: Caring for Elderly ParentsUnderstanding DeathDenying DeathThe Process of DyingThe Process of Dying (cont.)Kübler-Ross’s Stages of DyingCoping with LossWhat Is Normal Grief?Worden’s Model of Grieving TasksWhen an Infant or Child DiesQuasi-Death ExperiencesLife-and-Death Decision MakingLiving WillOrgan Donor CardRational SuicideMaking Final ArrangementsCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.written by Bridget Melton, Georgia Southern UniversityLecture OutlineChapter 19Life’s Transitions:The Aging ProcessCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Objectives•Define aging, and explain the related concepts of biological, psychological, social, legal, and functional age.•Explain how the growing population of older adults will impact society, including considerations of economics, health care, living arrangements, and ethical and moral issues.•Discuss the biological and psychosocial theories of aging, and summarize major physiological changes that occur as a result of the normal aging process.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Objectives (cont.)•Discuss unique health challenges faced by older adults, and describe strategies for successful and healthy aging that can begin during young adulthood.•Discuss death, the stages of the grieving process, and strategies for coping with death.•Explain the ethical concerns that arise from the concepts of the right to die and rational suicide.•Review the decisions that need to be made when someone is dying or has died, including hospice care, funeral arrangements, wills, and organ donation.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Growing Old•Aging is a pattern of life changes that occurs as one grows older.•Gerontology is the study of individual and collective aging processes.•Biological age•Psychological age•Social age•Legal age•Functional ageCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Successful Aging•Avoid serious, debilitating diseases and disability.•Engage independently in most normal activities of daily living.•Maintain cognitive function. •Able to cope with physical, social, and emotional changes•Sense of control of their livesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.ABC News Video: Seniors Say No to RetirementDiscussion Questions1. What effects do having a purpose and being active have on attitudes toward life, wellness, and aging?2. Do your parents intend to retire? Do you think they should?3. Should older people be forced to stop working when they reach a certain age?| Seniors Say No to RetirementCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Older Adults•A growing population•Today, there are 37 million people age 65 or older in the United States.•That number is expected to increase as baby boomers age.•New programs are targeting baby boomers that promote health and prevent premature disease and disability.Number of Americans Age 65 and Older (in millions), Years 1900–2000, and Projected 2010–2050Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Health Issues for an Aging Society•As the number of older Americans increases, their financial and medical needs become issues.•More people will be drawing from Social Security while less people contribute to the system.•Health care costs to the individual will rise as Medicare coverage becomes less adequate.•Housing and living arrangements will be a problem for low-income elderly.•A shortage of donor organs will present difficult ethical questions.Living Arrangements of Americans Age 65 and OlderCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Theories on Aging•Biological theories•Wear-and-tear•Cellular•Autoimmune•Genetic mutation•Psychosocial theories of agingNormal Effects of Aging on the BodyCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Changes in the Body and Mind•Typical physical changes•Skin•Bones and joints•Head•Urinary tract•Heart and lungs•Eyesight•Glaucoma•Macular degeneration•Hearing•Sexual changes•Body comfortCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Changes in the Body and Mind (cont.)•Typical mental changes•Intelligence•Memory•Adaptability•Depression•SenilityCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Alzheimer’s Disease•Progressive brain impairment that interferes with memory and normal intellectual functioning•Most common form of dementia•Affects an estimated one in ten persons over the age of 65 and nearly half of those over age 85Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Alzheimer’s Disease (cont.)•Progresses in stages•First stage involves forgetfulness and memory loss.•Second stage sees accelerated first-stage symptoms and agitation, restlessness, and repetitive actions.•In the final stage, disorientation is complete, control of body functions are lost, and dependence on others is complete.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Health Challenges of Older Adults•Alcohol use and abuse•Prescription drug use•Over-the-counter remediesCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Strategies for Healthy Aging•Develop and maintain healthy relationships•Enrich the spiritual side of life•Improve fitness•Eat for healthCopyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Caring for Older Adults•Older adults often experience comorbidity, or multiple chronic health problems.•Respite care is care that is given by someone who relieves the primary caregiver.Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.ABC News Video: Caring for Elderly ParentsDiscussion Questions1. The number-one tip for families currently caring for elderly parents is to choose a primary caregiver. Do you agree with this tip? What would rank second in importance?2. How can family and friends support the primary caregiver? 3. Offer some suggestions on what to do if your elderly parent(s)


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