Slide 1GoalsWhat is cloud computing?Software as a service (SaaS)Utility Computing (UC)Utility Computing - Benefit to usersUtility Computing – Mitigate risksUtility Computing – Benefit to providersUtility Computing – Amazon EC2Amazon EC2Utility Computing - Google AppEngineGoogle AppEngine – Hello worldGoogle AppEngineGoogle AppEngineSpectrum of AbstractionsDetailed comparisonWhat is a cloud?Cloud computingWhat is new in Cloud ComputingCloud Killer AppsShould I move into a cloudAdoption ChallengesAdoption ChallengesGrowth ChallengesGrowth ChallengesPolicy and business challengeThe future?DiscussionreferencesAre you ready for a ride?Backup SlidesRightscaleCLOUD COMPUTING INFRASTRUCTURETAKE A SEAT & PREPARE TO FLYAnh M. NguyenCS525, UIUC, Spring 20091GOALSDefineCloud: public cloud, private cloudCloud ComputingWhy cloud computing?Obstacles & opportunitiesCurrent state of cloud computingAmazon EC2Google AppEngine2WHAT IS CLOUD COMPUTING?I don’t understand what we would do differently in the light of Cloud Computing other than change the wordings of some of our adsLarry Ellision, Oracle’s CEOI have not heard two people say the same thing about it [cloud]. There are multiple definitions out there of “the cloud”Andy Isherwood, HP’s Vice President of European Software SalesIt’s stupidity. It’s worse than stupidity: it’s a marketing hype campaign.Richard Stallman, Free Software Foundation founder3SOFTWARE AS A SERVICE (SAAS)Application is used as an on demand service. Often provided via the InternetThink on-demand TV programsExample: Google App (online office)Benefits to usersReduce expenses: multiple computers, multiple usersEase of usage: easy installation, access everywhereBenefits to providersEasier to maintainControl usage (no illegal copies)4UTILITY COMPUTING (UC)Computing resources (cpu hour, memory, network) and platform to run software are provided as on demand serviceThink electricity serviceThe same evolution happenedHardware as a service (HaaS), Infrastructure as a service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS)Examples of UC providers: Amazon EC2, Google AppEngine …Who will use UC? Is UC the end of high-end PC?People who otherwise has to build their own data center: SaaS providers, analytics & batch processing5UTILITY COMPUTING - BENEFIT TO USERSMitigate the risks of over-provisioning and under-provisioningNo up-front cost, invest on other aspects (marketing, technology…)Less maintenance & operational costSave time, time = money In summary: Reduce cost6UTILITY COMPUTING – MITIGATE RISKSReal world utilization 5%-20%Animoto demand surge:from 50 servers to 3500 servers in 3 daysBlack Friday salesOver-provisioningDemandCapacitytResourcesDemandCapacitytResourcesResourcesDemandCapacityt12 3Under-provisioningOn demand, scalable7UTILITY COMPUTING – BENEFIT TO PROVIDERSMake moneyEconomies of scaleTime diversity: different peeks for different servicesGeographical diversity: choice of best locationElectric price in Idaho = 1/5 in HawaiiExisting infrastructure & expertiseGoogle, Amazon: utilize off-peak capacityResource Cost for medium scale Cost for large scale RatioNetwork $95 / Mbps / month $13 / Mbps / month ~7xStorage $2.20 / GB / month $0.40 / GB / month ~6xAdministration ≈140 servers/admin >1000 servers/admin ~7x8UTILITY COMPUTING – AMAZON EC2Elastic Compute CloudRent virtual machine instances to run your software. Monitor and increase / decrease the number of VMs as demand changesHow to use:Create an Amazon Machine Image (AMI): applications, libraries, data and associated settings Upload AMI to Amazon S3 (simple storage service)Use Amazon EC2 web service to configure security and network access Choose OS, start AMI instancesMonitor & control via web interface or APIs9AMAZON EC2Characteristics:Elastic: increase or decrease capacity within minutesMonitor and control via EC2 APIs Completely controlled: root access to each instancesFlexible: choose your OS, software packages…Redhat, Ubuntu, openSuse, Windows Sever 2003,…Small, large, extra large instancesReliable: Amazon datacenters, high availability and redundanciesSecure: web interface to configure firewall settingsCost:CPU: small instance, $0.10 per hour for Linux, $0.125 per hour for Windows (1.0-1.2 GHz 2007 Opteron or 2007 Xeon processor)Bandwidth: in $0.10, out $0.17 per GBStorage: $0.10 per GB-month, $0.10 per 1 million I/O requests 10UTILITY COMPUTING - GOOGLE APPENGINEWrite your web program in Python and submit to Google. It will take care of the restHow to useDownload AppEngine SDKDevelop your program locallyA set of python programs, input = requested url, output = return messageDebug locallyRegister for an application idSubmit your application to Google11GOOGLE APPENGINE – HELLO WORLDCreating a Simple Request HandlerCreate a file helloworld.py:print 'Content-Type: text/plain'print ''print 'Hello, world!‘Map url to handlerEdit configuration file app.yamlapplication: helloworldversion: 1 handlers:- url: /.* script: helloworld.pyData storage: Distributed file systemStore using AppEngine API, retrieve using GQL Debug: http://localhost:8080/12GOOGLE APPENGINE Register for an application IDhttp://appengine.google.comVerification code sent to your mobile Uploading the Applicationappcfg.py update helloworld/Enter your Google username and password at the promptshttp://application-id.appspot.comManage using Administration ConsoleSet up domain nameInvite other people to be developersView error logs, traffic logsSwitch between different versions13GOOGLE APPENGINECharacteristicsEasy to start, little administrationScale automaticallyReliableIntegrate with Google user service: get user nickname, request login…Cost:Can set daily quota CPU hour: 1.2 GHz Intel x86 processor Free quotas going to be reduced soonResource Unit Unit cost Free (daily) Outgoing Bandwidth gigabytes $0.12 10GBIncoming Bandwidth gigabytes $0.10 10GBCPU Time CPU hours $0.10 46 hoursStored Data gigabytes per month $0.15 1GB (all)14SPECTRUM OF ABSTRACTIONSDifferent levels of abstractionInstruction Set VM: Amazon EC2Framework VM: Google AppEngineSimilar to languagesHigher level abstractions can be built on top of lower
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