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SJSU CS 147 - Embedded Machines

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By Andrew Gliga Cs 147What are Embedded Systems?Slide 3Slide 4What uses Embedded Systems?History of Embedded MachinesMore HistoryEven More HistoryCharacteristicsMicrocontrollersSlide 11Microcontrollers are SmallAspects of MicrocontrollersSystems on a Chip (SOC)Slide 15Embedded SoftwareEmbedded Systems MemoryThe EndBy Andrew GligaCs 147What are Embedded Systems?Similar to real computersThey have CPU, memory, I/OThough they have limited tasksCan only do specific things that they are designed forNo specific definition for Embedded Systems, some systems have one task, others have hundreds. Some have GUI, some do not even have a mode of interactionWhat uses Embedded Systems?Cars, Airplanes, Coffee Machines, MP3 players, cellphonesBasically any machine that needs to perform certain tasksThe Embedded Systems in these machines controls certain aspects, such as fuel injection, pilot controls, speedometers, and dispensing CoffeeHistory of Embedded MachinesComputers in the 1940's were too large and expensive to be used in portable tasks, even though they could perform simple tasks.Over time though, with smaller and smaller computers, they could be created for specific tasksMore HistoryCharles Stark Draper developed the first modern Embedded Machine for the Apollo Spacecraft, called the Apollo Guadance computer that helped make the Moon landing possible.Even More HistoryWith the introduction of the Microprocessor, Embedded Machines were able to take smaller and smaller forms.This allows smaller and lighter machines that control many of our devices today, such as our Cell phones, or MP3 playersCharacteristicsThey can only be used for specific tasks, not general tasksThey run with limited resourcesThey can also be a part of a larger system and used as a subsystemFor example: a car is the larger system, while the Embedded System is a subsystem of the carMicrocontrollersMicrocontrollers is what controls the embedded systemUnlike Microprocessors, they include memory and I/O. In a sense, they are like a mini computerThey implement AND, OR, XOR, NOT gatesExtremely compact and cheapMicrocontrollers are SmallAspects of MicrocontrollersWatchdog timersThey generally keep an eye on the system.When an error occurs in the system they enable a failsafe mechanism. Similar as a human resets a non-responsive machine, the Watchdog timer automatically 'resets' the Microcontroller to a normal state when it doesn't respond normally for a specified timeSystems on a Chip (SOC)Microcontrollers, while they are mini computers still require supporting circuits.Examples: Decoders, signal converts, or signal processorsSOC incorporates all these suporting circuits and a Microcontroller in one easy and compact chip. They are fast, small, and compact. They even consume less memory than having all the other chips that they replaceEmbedded SoftwareSoftware written for an embedded machine needs to have the specs of the machine in mind.The software is built in the Embedded System itselfSoftware also can not be fine tuned after the program is embedded onto the circuitNeed to get it right the first time!Embedded Systems MemoryThe Embedded System does not use virtual memory, since it relies on being quick.Embedded programmers have to be aware of the size of memory, since it is limited based on the machineThe


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SJSU CS 147 - Embedded Machines

Documents in this Course
Cache

Cache

24 pages

Memory

Memory

54 pages

Memory

Memory

70 pages

Lecture 1

Lecture 1

53 pages

Cisc

Cisc

18 pages

Quiz 1

Quiz 1

4 pages

LECTURE 2

LECTURE 2

66 pages

RISC

RISC

40 pages

LECTURE 2

LECTURE 2

66 pages

Lecture 2

Lecture 2

67 pages

Lecture1

Lecture1

53 pages

Chapter 5

Chapter 5

14 pages

Memory

Memory

27 pages

Counters

Counters

62 pages

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