DOC PREVIEW
MIT 3 052 - INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICS

This preview shows page 1-2-3-4 out of 11 pages.

Save
View full document
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 11 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 11 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 11 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
View full document
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 11 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience
Premium Document
Do you want full access? Go Premium and unlock all 11 pages.
Access to all documents
Download any document
Ad free experience

Unformatted text preview:

NANOTECHNOLOGY / NANOMECHANICS DEFINITIONSWHY IS NANO INTERESTING?HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY/NANOMECHANICS : TIME LINETHE FIRST TALK ON NANOTECHNOLOGY :"There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" (1959)MOVING INDIVIDUAL ATOMS WITH THE SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE (STM)- 30 Years after Feynaman (1990)IMAGING INDIVIDUAL BIOMACROMOLECULES WITH THE ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPE (2003)DIP PEN NANOLITHOGRAPHY: "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" - 40 years later (1999)NANOFABRICATION /NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS: "BOTTOM UP" vs. "TOP DOWN"NANOMECHANICS : CONCEPT OF A CONTINUUMNANOMECHANICS SUBCATEGORIES3.052 Nanomechanics of Materials and Biomaterials 02/06/06 Prof. C. Ortiz, MIT-DMSEILECTURE 1 : INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICSOutline :NANOTECHNOLOGY / NANOMECHANICS DEFINITIONS................................................................................2WHY IS NANO INTERESTING?...............................................................................................................................3HISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY/NANOMECHANICS : TIME LINE............................................................4The First Talk on Nanotechnology: "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" - Richard Feynman (1959)..............5Moving Individual Atom s with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope - Don Eigler (1990)......................................6Imaging Individual Biomacromolecules with the Atomic Force Microscope (2003)................................................7Dip Pen Nanolithography : "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" - 40 years later-Chad Mirkin (1999)..............8NANOFABRICATION /NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS: "BOTTOM-UP" vs. "TOP-DOWN"......................9NANOMECHANICS.................................................................................................................................................10Concept of a Continuum..........................................................................................................................................10Subcategories : Contact vs. Noncontact..................................................................................................................11Objectives: To establish the terminology, history, broad concepts, and motivation for courseReadings: Course Reader Documents 1-5Multimedia : Listen to CourseInfo.mp3 for course administrative information, listen to the mp3s, "Tiny Machines" by Richard Feynman, as well as the Introduction mp3 by Prof. Ortiz13.052 Nanomechanics of Materials and Biomaterials 02/06/06 Prof. C. Ortiz, MIT-DMSENANOTECHNOLOGY / NANOMECHANICS DEFINITIONS Nanotechnology : "" derives from the Greek word for dwarf. Technologies dealing with characteristic length scales 1-100 nanometer (1 nm) = 1*10-9 m (one billionth of a meter)→atoms molecules, cells.Molecular Manufacturing / Nanofabrication : Fabrication / modification of structures with nm-scale precisionNanomechanics: Subset of the field of nanotechnology involving nN-scale forces or nm-scale displacementsNanostructured Materials : materials where fundamental constituents are nm-sized2Less than a nanometer :individual atoms are up to afew angstroms or up to a fewtenths of a nanometer indiameterThousands of nanometers :Biological cells, like red bloodcells, have diameters in thisrangeOne nanometer :Ten shoulder-to-shoulderhydrogen atoms (blueballs) span 1 nanometer.DNA molecules are ~ 2.5nm wideBillions of nanometers :A ten meter tall maleA Million nanometers :The pinhead sized patchof this thumb (circled inblack) Adapted from a Report by the National Science andTechnology Council (NSTC) Committee on Technology, TheInteragency Working Group on Nanoscience, Engineeringand Technology (IWGN) (1999)3.052 Nanomechanics of Materials and Biomaterials 02/06/06 Prof. C. Ortiz, MIT-DMSEWHY IS NANO INTERESTING? 1) Design scale of nature → atoms, proteins, molecules; origins of disease"bio-nano" - can interface with biology2) Size-dependent nonscalable properties3) Unique properties33.052 Nanomechanics of Materials and Biomaterials 02/06/06 Prof. C. Ortiz, MIT-DMSEHISTORY OF NANOTECHNOLOGY/NANOMECHANICS : TIME LINE • Democritus in ancient Greece: concept of atom• 1900 : Rutherford : discovery of atomic nucleus• 1959 : Richard Feynman : speech at Caltech "There is plenty of room at the bottom"• 1969 : Invention of Surface Forces Apparatus (SFA)• 1981 : Invention of the Scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) by Rohrer and Binnig at IBM Zurich (Nobel Prize 1986)• 1982 : First STM atomic resolution by Binnig on Si 7x7• 1985 : Fullerene " buckyballs" discovered at Rice University (Nobel prize awarded in 1996)• 1986 : Invention of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) by Binnig, Gerber, and Quate,measurement of 10-12 N forces, K. Eric Drexler "Engines of Creation"- Molecular manufacturing; bottom up & self-assembly and self-replicate, "grey-goo"• 1989 : Invention of Optical Tweezers, first commercially available microfabricated cantilevers for AFMs • 1990 : First commercially available AFMs, Eigler, et al. spells out "IBM" with Xenon atoms• 1992 : First single molecule force spectroscopy experiments (DNA, Bustamante)• 2000 : President Clinton mentions Nanotechnology in his state of the Union address : US National Nanotechnology Initiative since 2000 (14 federal agencies)-$422 M in ’01 (federal), $604 M in ’02, $774 M in ’03, $847 M in ’04 21 Federal agencies• 2004 : Journals: Nanotechnology, Nano Letters, Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology, IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience4ORNL3.052 Nanomechanics of Materials and Biomaterials 02/06/06 Prof. C. Ortiz, MIT-DMSETHE FIRST TALK ON NANOTECHNOLOGY : "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom" (1959)Richard P. Feynman December 29th 1959 (41 y.o.)American Physical Society Meeting (CalTech) : theoretical physicist"Nanotech Prophet"-enormous amounts of information can be carried in an exceedingly small space-scaling down devices requires new designs and does not violate any fundamental laws of physics; look at biology- army of "slave hands" : nanomanipulators-"physical synthesis" as opposed to "chemical synthesis"Challenges : miniaturization of the computer, directvisualization at the nanoscale, Encyclopedia Brittanicaon the head of a pin, construct a 1/64 cubic inch motorMultimedia : Watch the movie "Tiny Machines" by Richard Feynman (1988)Cool book to read "Surely


View Full Document

MIT 3 052 - INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICS

Documents in this Course
SURFACES

SURFACES

30 pages

Load more
Download INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICS
Our administrator received your request to download this document. We will send you the file to your email shortly.
Loading Unlocking...
Login

Join to view INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICS and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or
We will never post anything without your permission.
Don't have an account?
Sign Up

Join to view INTRODUCTION TO NANOMECHANICS 2 2 and access 3M+ class-specific study document.

or

By creating an account you agree to our Privacy Policy and Terms Of Use

Already a member?