GEOG 3 1st Edition Lecture 3Outline of Last Lecture I. Defining CultureII. Understanding cultural formsIII. Small summaries of readingsOutline of Current Lecture I. Recap of last lectureII. Rules of SpaceCurrent LectureRecap from last lecture: o -Why “culture”? Culture helps us think about the “social” (as opposed to just “the individual”).o Nurture vs. nature. (Ex. Doreen Massey)o What shapes our experiences and relationships to places? “Senses of place” articles can be used to talk about how cultural histories and “politics of positioning” shape people’s embodied experiences of space and place. - “Politics of positioning”: what is at stake in how we are positioned in relation to others on account of a number of different factors, including gender, sexuality, race, class, citizenship, able-bodiedness, history, and geography. Articles:1) Kevin Hetherington’s piece about woman named Sarah in the UK.We can be unequally positioned within different spaces on the basis of our bodily capabilities.2) Steven Feld’s piece about the Kaluli people who live in the rainforest on the Great Papuan Plateau. Because they live in a dense rainforest where they must hunt to survive they have learned toexperience their surrounding through sound. Our surroundings shape the development of our bodies/senses.3) Lisa Law writes about Filipina migrant laborers in Hong Kong.Embodied experiences based on citizenship, race, gender, sexuality, and class can shape our experience of place. Sensory landscape: evocations of place through senses such as smell, taste, and sound. These women transform Hong Kong into “Little Manila” (sensory landscape).4) Basso’s piece is about Apache Indians in Cibeque Arizona.Place-worlds: Worlds tied to, and imagined through, places.Ethnographer: experience how it is to live in a different place“Our ancestors made this name. They made is just as it is. They made it for a reason. They spoke it first, a long time ago! He’s repeating the speech of our ancestors.” P.10Places and their names communicate three things:1. Describe place with rich, descriptive imagery.2. Place-names give evidence of changes in the landscape.3. Names give examples of things that happened in the past and how they are linked to traditional, moralistic stories. -Spatial conception of history-ways of understanding the past in relation to specific places. *As you move around over the next few days, try to think about how it feels to be in a certain place.New Topic: Rules of Place:the both spoken and unspoken, recognized and unconscious, ways people are expected to behave in certain settingsCultural rules and understandings are:1. Embedded in everyday spaces and lands2. shape the ways we move through them.“The Rules of Place: Schools…” article: What kinds of cultural understandings and conventions inform spatial formations? -Landscape: the arrangement or pattern of things on land; the look or style of the land; the shape and structure of a place…social processes (like space and place).- When we talk about landscapes we are interested in:- Ways they symbolize diff things for diff people.- The social relationships that go into their making. - Kinds of social relations that are encouraged or fostered by certain ones.-We associate diff “rules of place” with diff landscapesEx. Bureau of Indian Affairs relating to the article*Rina Swentzell, The Santa Clara Pueblo Schools article.Points: - Tewa: language- Compares two kinds of land: Santa Clara and the school.- To be alive is to learn.- Boundaries between indoors and outdoors, strong ideas for privacy and private property.- Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA): built schools on native American reservations- Ideas of learning very foreign. Barbed fence around it, 1.5 miles away from reservation. Isolated, trees and rocks removed. Fence equals protection but for them=mistrust. - Children grouped according to group level…in pueblo younger taught older, everyone works together. Makes her feel unhappy….can never be happy where you are. Saddest thing, all ground had been leveled. School=sad, dead place. - Understand diff ways of learning reflected on diff landscapes. *David Grazian, Associate Professor of Sociology, U of Penn. -Q: Why are downtown entertainment spots competitive environments? General examples include:1. Ex: Pic. New York City before 2011. -powerful, hyper modern, great, technological, scientific, megalomania, 2. Ex. Pic. Disneyland, main Street-happiness, old times, small town feel, nostalgic, Hollywood version of this, 3. Ex: Pic. old town USA-pastoral, rural, farming, homeliness, friendliness, slow-paced-A: It isn’t because men and women are biologically hardwired to interact as rapacious creaturesfighting for survival of the fittest. It is also not because they are greedy and immoral. It all depends of your location and environment.- For example, look at urban nightlife. This ambient is made up of anonymous worlds of strangers where patrons lack any strong sense of social solidarity with one another p. 5 - Another example is large cities. Large cities means much diversity and less opportunities to familiarize yourself to many people. Sometimes contact with so many people is overwhelming and results in closing yourself off, learning to zone everything out, and learning to suspect everyone.- One last example is the Hong Kong subways. There is a mix o professionals, commuters, tourists, etc. There is a mix of culture anonymity, an “affluent world of strangers”.Q: How do different cultural assumptions and experiences shape the rules and different people’s relationships to them?Three TV clips:1. Seinfeld2. The Wire 3. The OfficeSeinfeld: Close talker. Massive violation of a social form is seen by the character, Aaron. Our closeness when talking to people depends on our relationship with them. Backing away=caution, giving up your own space. Jerry doesn’t move, implicitly says “it’s my apartment; you’re not taking my space.”Proxemics: study of the diff ways people perceive and use space in diff places and culturesEx. China: When greeting people they need to leave space for bowing.The Wire: race and class work together to shape place…he feels out of place, doesn’t belong there, worried if other patrons know he’s from the wrong part of town. He feels like he has to fitin and act. There are different ways of speaking when talking to different people