Chem 115 1nd Edition Lecture 2Outline of Current Lecture I. What is ChemistryII. Properties of ChemistryIII. States of MatterIV. Energy in ChemistryV. Conducting an ExperimentVI. Conversion FactorsCurrent LectureChemistry: study of matter, its properties, the changes it undergoes, and the energy associated with these changesMatter: anything that has both mass and volumeComposition: types and amounts of simpler substances that make a simple sample of matterProperties: characteristics that give each substance a unique qualityPhysical Properties: properties a substance shows without another substanceChemical Properties: properties a substance shows when interacting with another substance Chemical Physical Solid: fixed shape and volumeLiquid: varying shape based on the container it’s held in but has a fixed volumeThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Gas: no fixed shape or volume, has the most energy- A change of state is a physical changeo Physical form changes, composition does not- Changes in physical change are reversible o Chemical changes are not reversibleEnergy: ability to do workPotential Energy: energy due to the position of an objectKinetic Energy: energy due to the motion of an objectPotential Energy + Kinetic Energy = Total Energy- Lower energy states are more stable and are favored over higher energy states- Energy is neither created nor destroyedo It’s conserved and can be converted from one form to another- Energy is conserved when it’s transformedObservationsHypothesisHypothesis is revised if experimental results don’t support itExperimentModel (Theory) Model is altered if prediction events don’t support itFurther Experiment- All measured quantities consist of a number and a unitEx. 3 ft X 4 ft = 12 ft2Conversion Factor: a ratio of equal quantities in different unitsEx. 1 mile = 5280 ft 3212 ft 1 mile 3212 ft = ? miles 5280 ft= .6083
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