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UT Arlington PHYS 1441 - Lecture Notes

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Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu1PHYS 1441 – Section 004Lecture #1Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004Dr. Jaehoon YuToday’s homework is homework #1, due 1pm, next Wednesday!!• Who am I?• How is this class organized?• What is Physics?• What do we want from this class?• Brief history of physics• Chapter one– Uncertainties and Significant Figures– Standards and units– Estimates– Unit conversionsWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu2Announcements• Reading assignment #1: Read and follow through Appendix sections by Wednesday, Jan. 28–A-1–A-2–A-3–A-4• There will be a quiz on Wednesday, Jan. 28Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu3Who am I?•Name: Dr. Jaehoon Yu (You can call me Dr. Yu)• Office: Rm 242A, Science Hall• Extension: x2814, E-mail: [email protected]• My profession:High Energy Physics (HEP)– Collide particles (protons on anti-protons or electrons on anti-electrons, positrons) at the energies equivalent to 10,000 Trillion degrees– To understand• Fundamental constituents of matter• Interactions or forces between the constituents• Creation of Universe (Big Bang Theory)– A pure scientific research activity• Direct use of the fundamental laws we find may take longer than we want but • Indirect product of research contribute to every day lives; eg. WWWWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu4High Energy PhysicsStructure of Matter10-10m10-14m10-15m<10-18m10-9mMatter Molecule Atom NucleusuQuark<10-19mprotons, neutrons,mesons, etc.π,Ω,Λ...top, bottom,charm, strange,up, downCondensed matter/Nano-Science/ChemistryAtomic PhysicsNuclearPhysicsBaryon(Hadron)Electron(Lepton)10-2mWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu5The Standard Model• Assumes the following fundamental structure:Directly observed in 2000Discovered in 1995Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu6Fermilab Tevatron Accelerator• World’s Highest Energy proton-anti-proton collider–Ecm=1.96 TeV (=6.3x10-7J/pÎ 1.3MJoule)– Equivalent to the kinetic energy of a 5 ton truck running at 100km/hrChicago↓Tevatron⎯pp CDFDØhttp://www.fnal.gov/Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu7qTimepqgπK“parton jet” “particle jet” “calorimeter jet”hadronsγCHFHEMCAL+TKS R-Z VIEW 25-MAR-1997 12:22 Run 87288 Event 22409 25-DEC-1994 02:20MUON ELEC TAUS VEES OTHER 1.<E< 2. 2.<E< 3. 3.<E< 4. 4.<E< 5. 5.<E Highest ETdijet event at DØHighest ETdijet event at DØ0.69 GeV, 472E0.69 GeV, 475E21T11T+=η=−=η=How does an Event Look in a Collider Detector?Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu8Information & Communication Source• My web page: http://www-hep.uta.edu/~yu/– Contact information & Class Schedule– Syllabus– Holidays and Exam days– Evaluation Policy– Class Style & homework– Other information• Primary communication tool is e-mail: Register for PHYS1441-004-SPRING04 e-mail distribution list as soon possible– 5 points extra credit if done by next Monday, Jan. 26– 3 points extra credit if done by next Wednesday, Jan. 28– 1 point extra credit if done by Monday, Feb. 2• Office Hours: 2:30 – 3:30pm, Mondays and Wednesdays or by appointmentsWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu9Primary Web PageWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu10Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu11Evaluation Policy• Term Exams: 45%– Total of three term exams (2/23, 3/29 & 5/10)– Best two of the three will be chosen– Each will constitute 22.5% of the total– Missing an exam is not permissible unless pre-approved• No makeup test• Lab score: 20%• Homework: 20%• Pop-quizzes: 15%• Extra credits: 10% of the total– Random attendances– Strong participation in the class discussions– Other many opportunities• Will be on sliding scale unless everyone does very wellWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu12Homeworks• Solving homework problems is the only way to comprehend class material• An electronic homework system has been setup for you– Details are in the material distributed today– https://hw.utexas.edu/studentInstructions.html– Download homework #1 (1 problem), attempt to solve it, and submit it Î You will receive a 100% credit for HW#1– Roster will close next Wednesday, Jan. 28• Each homework carries the same weight• Home work will constitute 20% of the totalÎ A good way of keeping your grades high• Strongly encouraged to collaborate Î Does not mean you can copyWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu13Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu14Attendances and Class Style• Attendances: – Will be taken randomly– Will be used for extra credits• Class style:– Lectures will be on electronic media• The lecture notes will be posted on the web AFTER each class– Will be mixed with traditional methods– Active participation through questions and discussions are STRONGLYSTRONGLYencouraged Î Extra credit….Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu15Why do Physics?• To understand nature through experimental observations and measurements (Research)• Establish limited number of fundamental laws, usually with mathematical expressions• Predict the nature’s course⇒Theory and Experiment work hand-in-hand⇒Theory works generally under restricted conditions⇒Discrepancies between experimental measurements and theory are good for improvements⇒Improves our everyday lives, though some laws can take a while till we see amongst usExp.{Theory {Wednesday, Jan. 21, 2004 PHYS 1441-004, Spring 2004Dr. Jaehoon Yu16Models, Theories and Laws• Models: A kind of analogy or mental image of a phenomena in terms of something we are familiar with– Often provides insights for new experiments and ideas• Theories: More systematically improved version of models– Can provide quantitative predictions that are testable and more precise• Laws: Certain concise but general statements about how nature behaves Î The statement must be found experimentally valid• Principles: Less general statements of how nature behaves– Has some level of arbitrarinessWednesday, Jan. 21, 2004


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