CH302 Spring 2009 Worksheet 1: A Little Thermo Review 1. What two processes (a.k.a. path functions) can transfer internal energy between asystem and its surroundings? What symbols are used for these variables?2. Write a good definition for a state function.3. Name some state functions.4. The first law states that the value of which state function is conserved in an isolatedsystem? What two symbols are used for this state function?5. What is an isolated system? Name the most obvious example of an isolated system (hint:big).6. What inequality is often associated with the second law of thermodynamics? What doesit mean in plain English?7. What equality is often associated with the second law of thermodynamics? What does itmean in plain English?8. What does the third law of thermodynamics state?9. How many translational, rotational and vibrational modes, respectively, does C2H4have?10. What would be the total internal energy associated with the vibrational motion of 1molecule of C2H4? What about 1 mole of C2H4?11. In the list of elements below, mark (circle, underline, etc.) all of the elements that arenot shown in their standard state.Cdiamond(s) Ca(s) B2(s) Na(s) Fe(s) Hg(s)Br2(l) Mo(s) H(g) He(g) Xe(g) Rb2(s)Cd(l) As(s) N2(l) O2(l) Si60(s) F2(g)12. Write the standard formation reactions for the following chemical speciesNH3(g)Fe2O3(s)O2(l)O3(g)NH2OH(s)13. Assume we want to use a bomb calorimeter to determine the specific heat capacity ofan unknown liquid. We use 3 L of the unkown liquid and perform a known reaction thatreleases 400 kJ of heat. We measure an initial and final temperature of 25 ºC and 28.7 ºC,respectively. If the heat capacity of the calorimeter is 85 J·K-1, and the density of the liquidis 2.34 g·mL-1, what is the specific heat capacity of the unknown liquid?14. Given the following data:H2SO4(l) ↔ H2S(g) + 2O2(g) ΔH = 793 kJ·mol-1H2O(g) + SO3(g) ↔ H2SO4(l) ΔH = -176 kJ·mol-1H2O(l) + SO3(g) ↔ H2S(g) + 2O2(g) ΔH = 661 kJ·mol-1calculate ΔH for the process: H2O(l) → H2O(g)15. Consider the reaction below and approximate the value of the work function at roomtemperature. (Note: this doesn't require a calculator.)C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l)16. If a system at -272 °C absorbs 545 J of heat, what is its change in entropy?17. Ammonia (the common name for NH3, the odor of windex and cat urine), has a ΔH°vap= 23.35 kJ·mol-1and a ΔS°vap= 97.43 J·mol-1·K-1. What is the normal boiling point ofammonia expressed in centigrade?18.Consider the reaction below:HNO3(l) + H2(g) ↔ H2O(l) + NO2(g)Using the provided table values, calculate ΔG°rxnif it is performed under standardconditions.ΔH°f(kJ·mol-1)ΔS°m(J·mol-1·K-1)HNO3(l) -174.1 156H2(g) not provided 131H2O(l) -285.8 70NO2(g) 33.2 24019. Rank the following compounds in terms of decreasing standard molar entropy: CO(s),CO2(g), CO2(l), CO(l).20. Assuming you have one mole of each of the following, rank them in terms of decreasingvalue of the term W in the Boltzmann equation: HF, NaF, ClF,
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