CHEM 1211 Lecture 1 Outline of Last Lecture 1 We went over the course syllabus in the previous lecture If you have any questions you can refer back solely to the syllabus Outline of Current Lecture I Quick Reminders a Homework b Weekly Diagnostics c WebAssign d Clickers II Chemistry Basics A Matter and Energy B Natural Laws III Atoms A Model B Make up C Examples IV Compounds V Molecules A Alloy B Examples Makeup C Periodic Table VI States of Matter Macroscopic A Kinetic Molecular Theory a Solids b Liquids c Gases Current Lecture I II Quick Reminders a Homework Three Submissions per question it will tell you if you have the answer right or wrong st 1 homework assignment should appear by tonight 01 09 2014 b Weekly Diagnostic You will not get any feedback for submitting the questions You will only get feedback after the due date has passed and the diagnostic is graded c WebAssign has student support make sure that you use Mozilla Firefox d Clicker Do not register your clicker on eLC Chemistry Basics A Matter and Energy a Chemistry Science that describes matter its properties the changes it undergoes and the energy changes that accompany those processes b Matter anything that has mass and occupies space Light doesn t have mass it is just simply energy c Energy the capacity to do work or transfer heat Energy Force x Distant Force mass x acceleration Acceleration change in velocity change in time Velocity change in distance change in time B Natural Laws Scientific natural law a general statement based the observed behavior of matter to which no exceptions are known a Law of conservation of Mass mass is neither created nor destroyed in any ordinary chemical reaction RXN b Law of conservation of Energy i e phone battery uses chemical potential energy which is then converted into electrical energy when charged which is converted into acoustic energy when you are talking on your phone c Law of Conservation of Mass and Energy o Einstein s Theory of Relativity o E mc2 E Energy M Mass C Light c m s m kg e joules Joules kg m s 2 kg x m2 s2 o An element is composed of extremely small indivisible particles called atoms o Periodic Table Second letter is not capitalized because when you are compounding you need to separate each element in an equation NEED TO KNOW ELEMENTS 1 54 ON PERIODIC TABLE HOW TO SPELL ELEMENT CORRECTLY THE SYMBOL III Atoms A Model Sphere B Makeup Fundamental particles Electrons Protons Neutrons Hydrogen white Carbon Black Oxygen Red Nitrogen Blue C EXAMPLES OF ATOMS ELEMENTS Hydrogen Atom x 2 2H Carbon Atom Bigger than hydrogen atom x 3 3C Oxygen x 2 2O Nitrogen x 2 2N IV V WE CAN SEE ATOMS Compounds Compounds are formed when atoms of different elements combine with each other in small numbered ratios Molecules Molecules are formed when atoms of the same element combine with each other in small numbered ratios A Alloy o Mixture of two or more molecules o Alloys are solutions o Example 14k Gold Ring Look up IBM image or STM image you can move atoms to actually visualize them B Examples Makeup Cl Cl O2 This tells you how many of that element 2HCl Chemical Formula 2H 2Cl is present bonded 2O2 4 oxygen atoms VI H N H H 3NH3 3N 9H N H 1 3 ALWAYS C Periodic Table Classified into three categories 1 Metals 2 Non Metals 3 Metalloids WE CAN SEE MOLECULES States of Matter Macroscopic A Kinetic Molecular Theory Theory that makes up matter a Solids Regular array of particles closely packed You are going to see motion because it has kinetic energy JIGGLES b Liquids Randomly arranged free moving particles spaced close together Liquids are fluids c Gas Randomly moving particles which are spaced far apart Collisions are elastic because the energy is conserved Example throwing a tennis ball at a brick wall it is smooshed by the wall will come back to you Gas is also a fluid Example water vapor If Dr Suggs mentions oxygen or nitrogen or etc he is referring to O 2 N2 etc These are the standard states Chapter One Problems that will help you with your homework and weekly diagnostics Page 20 Basic Concepts 2 4 6 7 10 16 18 24 28 30 Page 44 Tools of Quantitative Chemistry 4 8 10 14 24 26 31 38 40 48