STRESS & COPINGStress and CopingUnpleasant state of arousal coping ability<problems of lifeTop 5 Stressors for College Students•Concern over meeting high standards•Being lonley•Fear of wasting time•Troubling thoughts about the future•Not getting enough sleepTypes of StressorsMajor life events Everyday hasslesStress and CopingPotential Stressor:Something newSomething differentStress and Coping ModelLazarus & Folkman (1984)Stage 1: Primary AppraisalIs potential stressor a threat or challenge?NoFeel no stressYesGo to Stage 2CPStress and Coping ModelLazarus & Folkman (1984)Stage 2: Secondary AppraisalCan I cope with the stressor?NoFeel StressYesFeel No StressCPWhat Makes an Event Stressful? Positive vs. NegativeNegative events more stressful• Lower self-esteem• Create more problems than they solveWhat Makes an Event Stressful? Negative vs. positivePredictable vs. unpredictableUnpredictable events more stressfulWhat Makes an Event Stressful? Negative vs. positivePredictable vs. unpredictableTimingContentWhat Makes an Event Stressful? Negative vs. positivePredictable vs. unpredictableControllable vs. uncontrollableUncontrollable events more stressfulYoked Shock StudyStaub et al., (1971)Participant 1 Participant 2In control YokedBetter ableto tolerate shockCPPerceived Control Shock StudyGeer, Davison, & Gatchel (1970)Phase 1Feel shock Press SwitchCPPhase 2Perceived Control No ControlPerceived Control Shock StudyGeer et al., (1970)Lower Skin ConductanceCPWays of CopingPsychologicalReframe eventWays of CopingPsychologicalSocial supportGet helpInstrumental Support: Providing labor, materials, or a direct service to another (e.g., lending $, giving somebody a ride).Informational Support:Providing information that helps another act and make decisions (e.g., giving another person directions, medical information, etc.).Appraisal Support:Providing useful, accurate feedback about another’s performance/behavior (e.g., feedback from a coach).Emotional Support:Reassuring another, providing comfort, expressing concern love (e.g., a shoulder to lean on).Ways of CopingPsychologicalSocial supportBiologicalEat rightSleep rightExerciseMeditateBiological Coping Study(Brown, 1991)Low StressFitNot FitFew IllnessesFew IllnessesHigh StressFitNot FitFew IllnessesMany
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