Rehab CounselingDrug Use-ScopeDrugs Use- MarijuanaTherapeutic DrugsDrugs cont.Drugs- VariablesAlcoholAlcohol variablesEmploymentSignificant OthersEffects on BusinessEconomic ImpactSocial ImpactTrendsAddiction and the BrainAddiction is a brain disorderSlide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20THE RAT BRAINSlide 22Slide 23Brain of the addicted is fundamentally different:What’s inherited???Developing brainSlide 27Slide 28Assessment and DiagnosisSlide 30Slide 31Facilitate Change Motivational Enhancement TherapyKey ConceptsStages of Change Prochaska & DeClemente 1982Helper TasksRehab Counseling Rehab Counseling Substance Abuse Class 05Substance Abuse Class 05Markus Dietrich LMHC,CRC,CAAPMarkus Dietrich LMHC,CRC,CAAPShands HealthcareShands [email protected]@shands.ufl.eduDrug Use-ScopeDrug Use-ScopeIn 2001 an estimated 15.9 million Americans 12 or In 2001 an estimated 15.9 million Americans 12 or older used illicit drugs. This represents 7.1% of older used illicit drugs. This represents 7.1% of this population.this population.This a 0.8% increase from 6.3% in 1999 and 2000.This a 0.8% increase from 6.3% in 1999 and 2000.Increases were noted for:Increases were noted for:Marijuana Marijuana 4.8% to 5.4%4.8% to 5.4%Cocaine Cocaine 0.5% to 0.6%0.5% to 0.6%Pain Relievers 1.2% to 1.6%Pain Relievers 1.2% to 1.6%Tranquilizers Tranquilizers 0.4% to 0.6%0.4% to 0.6%National Household Survey 2001National Household Survey 2001Drugs Use- MarijuanaDrugs Use- MarijuanaMarijuana is the most commonly used drug Marijuana is the most commonly used drug used by 76% of the drug usersused by 76% of the drug users56% of drug users use only marijuana56% of drug users use only marijuana20% use Marijuana and another drug.20% use Marijuana and another drug.24% use illicit drugs but not marijuana.24% use illicit drugs but not marijuana.Therapeutic Drugs Therapeutic Drugs Of the 4.8 million users of therapeutic drugs,Of the 4.8 million users of therapeutic drugs,3.5 million use pain relievers3.5 million use pain relievers1.4 million use tranquilizers1.4 million use tranquilizers1 million uses stimulants1 million uses stimulants0.3 million use sedatives 0.3 million use sedativesDrugs cont.Drugs cont.In 2001 an estimated 1.7 million (0.7%) In 2001 an estimated 1.7 million (0.7%) Americans age 12 or older were current Americans age 12 or older were current cocaine users and 406,000 (0.2%) were cocaine users and 406,000 (0.2%) were current crack userscurrent crack users1.3 million (0.6%) used hallucinogens1.3 million (0.6%) used hallucinogens957,000 used Oxycontin non medically 957,000 used Oxycontin non medically (four times as much as 1999)(four times as much as 1999)Heroin use is reported to be 123,000 (0.1%)Heroin use is reported to be 123,000 (0.1%)Drugs- VariablesDrugs- VariablesMen are more likely to report drug use than Men are more likely to report drug use than women (8.7 vs. 5.5%)women (8.7 vs. 5.5%)Rates and patterns of drug use vary by age, Rates and patterns of drug use vary by age, peaking among 18-20year oldspeaking among 18-20year oldsDrug use is correlated with education. Rate Drug use is correlated with education. Rate for H.S graduates is 7.6% vs. 4.3 percent for H.S graduates is 7.6% vs. 4.3 percent for four year college graduates, even though for four year college graduates, even though college graduates were more likely to have college graduates were more likely to have tried drugs.tried drugs.AlcoholAlcohol109 million ( 48.35%) Americans age 12 or 109 million ( 48.35%) Americans age 12 or older report being current drinkersolder report being current drinkersApproximately one fifth (20.5%) reported Approximately one fifth (20.5%) reported bingeing at least once in last 30 daysbingeing at least once in last 30 days5.7%reported heavy drinking5.7%reported heavy drinkingAlcohol variablesAlcohol variablesAge: highest prevalence of alcohol use is Age: highest prevalence of alcohol use is between 18 and 25. Rate drops slightly between 18 and 25. Rate drops slightly between 25 and 60.between 25 and 60.Men are more likely to drink than womenMen are more likely to drink than womenlikelihood of drinking alcohol increases likelihood of drinking alcohol increases with education, however, binge drinking with education, however, binge drinking and heavy drinking were least prevalent and heavy drinking were least prevalent among college graduatesamong college graduatesEmploymentEmploymentUnemployment is highly correlated with drug and Unemployment is highly correlated with drug and alcohol use however,alcohol use however,6.9% of illicit drug users are full-time employed6.9% of illicit drug users are full-time employed9.1% of drug users are part-time employed9.1% of drug users are part-time employedAmong the 43.9 million adult binge drinkers, 35.4 Among the 43.9 million adult binge drinkers, 35.4 million (81%) are full-time or part-time million (81%) are full-time or part-time employees.employees.9.8 million (80%) of the heavy drinkers are also 9.8 million (80%) of the heavy drinkers are also employedemployedSignificant OthersSignificant OthersNon-alcoholic members of alcoholic’s Non-alcoholic members of alcoholic’s families use 10 times as much sick leave as families use 10 times as much sick leave as in families where alcohol is not a factor.in families where alcohol is not a factor.More than half of all family members of More than half of all family members of alcoholics who are employed (80%) report alcoholics who are employed (80%) report their ability to function is impaired as a their ability to function is impaired as a result or living with an alcoholic.result or living with an alcoholic.Effects on BusinessEffects on Businessdecreased productivitydecreased productivityincreased on-the-job accidentsincreased on-the-job accidentsincreased absenteeismincreased absenteeismturnoverturnoverincreased health care costincreased health care costEconomic ImpactEconomic ImpactCost to society associated with drug and Cost to society associated with drug and alcohol abuse is estimated to be $294 alcohol abuse is estimated to be $294 billion.billion.The largest impact is on lost productivity.The largest impact is on lost productivity.The health care cost for alcohol abuse is The health care cost for alcohol abuse is about twice that for drug abuse.about twice that for drug
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