Chapter 11You Will Learn…Multimedia on a PCCPU Technologies for MultimediaMultimedia DevicesSound CardsStages of Computerized SoundSound Card ManufacturersInstalling a Sound CardInstalling a Sound CardSlide 11Installing the Sound Card DriverDigital CamerasDigital CamerasDigital Camera ManufacturersMP3 PlayersCompression Methods Used with MP3 PlayersMPEG StandardsHow MP3 Players WorkMP3 Player ManufacturersVideo Capture CardFeatures to Look for on a Video Capture CardOptical Storage TechnologyCD-ROMSlide 25CD-ROM Drive ManufacturersCD-ROMsInstalling a CD-ROM DriveSlide 29Accessing CD-ROM Drive When Booting from a Floppy DiskCD-R (CD-Recordable) Drives and DiscsCD-RW (CD-Rewritable) Drives and DiscsDVD (Digital Video Disc)DVD DeviceDVD DevicesDVD Drive ManufacturersInstalling a DVD DriveSlide 38Slide 39Slide 40Installing a DVD DriveSlide 42Slide 43Tape DrivesTape Drive ManufacturersHow a Tape Drive Interfaces with a ComputerExternal Drive Using Parallel PortAn ATAPI IDE Tape DriveTapes Used by a Tape DriveMinicartridge for a Tape DriveRemovable DrivesConsiderations When Purchasing a Removable DriveTypes of Removable DrivesZip Drive KitInstalling a Removable DriveTroubleshooting GuidelinesProblems with CD-ROM or DVD InstallationsTroubleshooting Sound ProblemsTroubleshooting Tape DrivesChapter SummaryChapter 11Multimedia Devices and Mass StorageYou Will Learn…About multimedia devices such as sound cards, digital cameras, and MP3 playersAbout optical storage technologies such as CD and DVDAbout tape drives and removable drivesHow certain hardware devices are used for backup and fault toleranceHow to troubleshoot multimedia and mass storage devicesMultimedia on a PCGoal•To create or reproduce lifelike representations of sight and soundChallenge•Data storage is digital•Sights and sounds are analogCPU Technologies for MultimediaMMX, SSE, and 3DNow!•Improve speed of processing graphics, video, and sound•Use improved methods of handling high-volume repetition during I/O operationsSoftware must be written to use the specific capabilitiesMultimedia DevicesSound cardsDigital camerasMP3 playersVideo capture cardsSound CardsRecord sound, save it to a file on hard drive, play it backHave ports for external stereo speakers and microphone inputMay be SoundBlaster compatibleStages of Computerized SoundDigitize or input the sound (analog to digital)•Includes sampling•Data is measured at a series of representative points•Sampling rate = cycles per second, or hertz (Hz)Store digital data in a compressed data fileReproduce or synthesize the sound (digital to analog)Sound Card ManufacturersInstalling a Sound CardPhysically install the card in an empty PCI slot on the motherboardInstall the sound card driverInstall the sound application softwareInstalling a Sound CardInstalling a Sound CardInstalling the Sound Card DriverDigital CamerasUse light sensors to detect light and convert it to a digital signal stored in an image file using JPEG formatUse TWAIN format for transferring imagesCamera’s image-editing software (or another program) can be used to view, touch up, and print the pictureDigital CamerasDigital Camera ManufacturersMP3 PlayersStore and play MP3 files downloaded from a PC, using internal memory and flash storage devicesCompression Methods Used with MP3 PlayersMPEG (Moving Pictures Experts Group) standard•Tracks movement from one frame to the next and stores only what changes•Cuts out or drastically reduces sound that is not normally heard by the human earMPEG StandardsMPEG-1•Used in business and home applications to compress imagesMPEG-2• Used to compress video films on DVD-ROMMPEG-3• Used for audio compressionMPEG-4• Used for video transmissions over the InternetHow MP3 Players WorkPlay MP3 files downloaded from a PC, using internal memory and flash storage devices (eg, SmartMedia, CompactFlash, or Memory Stick)MP3 Player ManufacturersVideo Capture CardAllows you to capture input from a camcorder or directly from TVFeatures to Look for on a Video Capture CardIEEE 1394 (FireWire) port to interface with a digital camcorderData transfer rates, which affect priceCapture resolution and color-depth capabilitiesAbility to transfer data back to digital camcorder or VCRStereo audio jacksVideo-editing software bundled with the cardOptical Storage TechnologyPatterns of tiny pits on disc surface represent bits, which are read by a laser beamMajor optical storage technologies•CD-ROM drives•Use CDFS (Compact Disc File System) or UDF (Universal Disk Format)•DVD drives•Use only UDFCD-ROMData physically embedded into disc surfaceSurface laid out as one continuous spiral of sectors of equal length that hold equal amounts of data in pits and landsCD-ROMRead-onlySlower to access than hard drivesUsed to distribute software and sound filesCombines constant linear velocity (CLV) and constant angular velocity (CAV)Look for multisession featureCD-ROM Drive ManufacturersCD-ROMsCaring for CD-ROM drives and discs•Use precautions when handlingCD-ROM drive interface with motherboard•IDE interface (most common)• SCSI interface with SCSI host adapter• Proprietary expansion card that works only with CD-ROMs from a particular manufacturer•Proprietary connection on sound card• Portable drive; plug into external port on PCInstalling a CD-ROM DriveInstalling a CD-ROM DriveAccessing CD-ROM Drive When Booting from a Floppy DiskWindows rescue disk needs to include tools to access CD-ROM drive in the event of hard drive failure• There will be no access to 32-bit Windows CD-ROM drivers on the hard driveFiles required to access a CD-ROM drive while in real mode:•16-bit device driver provided by manufacturer of CD-ROM drive; loaded from Config.sys• 16-bit real-mode OS interface to the driver, Mscdex.exe; loaded from Autoexec.batCD-R (CD-Recordable) Drives and DiscsEnables “burning” your own CDsUsed for distributing software or large amounts of dataCannot edit or overwriteAllow for a lot of data storage on a relatively inexpensive mediumBottom of disk is tinted (eg, blue, black); CDs are silverCan be read by all CD-ROM drivesCD-RW (CD-Rewritable) Drives and DiscsAllows overwriting old data with new dataCannot always be read by older drivesMore expensive than CD-R discsDVD (Digital Video