AHIS 120g 1st Edition Lecture 8 Current LectureJohann Joachim Winckelmann- History of the Art of Antiquity (1764)o Older Style: Archaico Sublime Style: Classical Greeko Beautiful Style: Late Classicalo Style of the Imitators: Hellenistic and Roman (degradation of the Classical canon)Etruscan Art- Early Etruscan culture appeared on the Italian peninsula in the tenth century BCE.- Who the Etruscans were remains a mystery;o Claims of indigenous roots, o The Etruscans ad strong cultural links with Asia Minor and the ancient Near East.- Their visual culture is a rich blend of distinctly Etruscan traits with influences from theEast and from Greece.- The majority of our knowledge about Etruscan culture comes from art, and especiallytheir monumental tombs.o These structures provide information about Etruscan building practices, andartists often painted them with scenes that reveal a glimpse of Etruscan life.Funerary art- Early burials on the Italian peninsula were modest. - In the early seventh century BCE, the Etruscans began to bury their dead in familygroups; funerary customs for men and women became more elaborate, and the tombsof the wealthy gradually transformed into monumental structures. - Sarcophagus from Cerveteri (c. 520 BCE)o Molded in terra cotta. o The artist shaped the lid to resemble a couch, and reclining side by side on topare full-length sculptures of a man and a woman, presumably a married couple.o Despite the abstract forms and rigid poses of the Archaic style, the soft materialallows the sculptor to model rounded forms and capture an extraordinarilyvivacity and directness. Sculpture- Etruscan temples were highly ornate, however had limited access to marble.o The decoration of Etruscan temples usually consisted of the brightly paintedterra-cotta modeling.- Apollo of Veii (c. 510 BCE)o Wears draped cloth known as the Roman toga. SHIFT IN STYLE: the Greeks always depicted males in their ideal form—nude.o The drapery falls across his form in ornamental patterns and exposes his massivebody and muscular legs, signifying the effect of Archaic Greek kouroi had on theEtruscans. o The god moves in a hurried, purposeful stride that has no equivalent in free-standing Greek statues of the same date. o Rendered in terra cotta, it allowed the artist to experiment with poses, creating aunique Etruscan
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