SMU CSE 8343 - Microsoft Distributed File System (Dfs)

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Microsoft Distributed File System (Dfs)OverviewDistributed File SystemsDistributed File Systems (cont.)Slide 5Slide 6DFS vs. DfsWhat is Dfs?What is Dfs? (cont.)Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14How Dfs WorksHow Dfs Works (cont.)Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19How Users See Dfs TreesSlide 21SecurityQuestions?1Microsoft Microsoft Distributed File Distributed File System (Dfs)System (Dfs)Brett O’NeillBrett O’NeillCSE 8343 – Group A6CSE 8343 – Group A62OverviewOverviewDistributed File SystemsDistributed File SystemsDFS vs. DfsDFS vs. DfsWhat is Dfs?What is Dfs?How Dfs WorksHow Dfs WorksHow Users See DfsHow Users See DfsSecuritySecurityQuestions?Questions?3Distributed File SystemsDistributed File SystemsA distributed file system is a A distributed file system is a client/server application that client/server application that allows clients to access data allows clients to access data stored on a server as if it stored on a server as if it were on their own computer.were on their own computer.DFS provides users with a DFS provides users with a single virtual file store single virtual file store across heterogeneous across heterogeneous platforms.platforms.Users are not aware of Users are not aware of where files are physically where files are physically located.located.Therefore data can be Therefore data can be moved transparently to moved transparently to users.users.4Distributed File Systems Distributed File Systems (cont.)(cont.)When a user accesses a file on the server, When a user accesses a file on the server, the server sends a copy of the file to be the server sends a copy of the file to be cached on the user’s local computer cached on the user’s local computer while being processed. Upon completion, while being processed. Upon completion, the file is sent back to the server.the file is sent back to the server.The DFS organizes file and directory The DFS organizes file and directory services from various servers into a services from various servers into a global directory that can be accessed by global directory that can be accessed by any client.any client.5Distributed File Systems Distributed File Systems (cont.)(cont.)More than one client can access the same More than one client can access the same data simultaneously, therefore data simultaneously, therefore mechanisms are in place to organize data mechanisms are in place to organize data so the client always receives the most so the client always receives the most current copy of the data and data current copy of the data and data conflicts do not arise.conflicts do not arise.Typically a token system is used to Typically a token system is used to prevent data conflicts. Clients are given prevent data conflicts. Clients are given tokens with different access rights, tokens with different access rights, usually reads or writes.usually reads or writes.6Distributed File Systems Distributed File Systems (cont.)(cont.)DFS has the capability to replicate files DFS has the capability to replicate files to protect against data access failures. to protect against data access failures. If a server fails, the data can be If a server fails, the data can be restored from another server which restored from another server which holds replicated data.holds replicated data.Popular Distributed File Systems:Popular Distributed File Systems:Sun Microsystems’ NFSSun Microsystems’ NFSNovell NetWareNovell NetWareIBM/Transarc’s DFSIBM/Transarc’s DFSMicrosoft DfsMicrosoft Dfs7DFS vs. DfsDFS vs. DfsDFS technology was developed years ago as DFS technology was developed years ago as part of the Open Software Foundation’s (OSF) part of the Open Software Foundation’s (OSF) distributed computing environment (DCE) distributed computing environment (DCE) specification.specification.OSF developed DCE to address interoperability OSF developed DCE to address interoperability between different UNIX operating systems, and between different UNIX operating systems, and between UNIX and non-UNIX operating between UNIX and non-UNIX operating systems.systems.OSF later merged with X/Open to become The OSF later merged with X/Open to become The Open Group.Open Group.Microsoft’s Dfs has nothing to do with DFS, Microsoft’s Dfs has nothing to do with DFS, thus the small letters.thus the small letters.8What is Dfs?What is Dfs?For years, UNIX administrators For years, UNIX administrators complained that Microsoft complained that Microsoft networking lacked a unified networking lacked a unified directory structure.directory structure.To address this shortcoming, To address this shortcoming, Microsoft introduced Dfs to Windows Microsoft introduced Dfs to Windows NT 4.0. It is now an integral part of NT 4.0. It is now an integral part of Windows NT 5.0 and Windows 2000.Windows NT 5.0 and Windows 2000.9What is Dfs? (cont.)What is Dfs? (cont.)Dfs is a network server component that unites Dfs is a network server component that unites files on different computers into a single files on different computers into a single namespace, making it easy to build a single, namespace, making it easy to build a single, hierarchical view of multiple file servers and hierarchical view of multiple file servers and file server shares.file server shares.Dfs does for file servers and shares what file Dfs does for file servers and shares what file systems do for hard disks: file systems provide systems do for hard disks: file systems provide uniform named access to collections of sectors uniform named access to collections of sectors on disks – Dfs provides uniform naming on disks – Dfs provides uniform naming conventions for collections of servers, shares conventions for collections of servers, shares and files. The result is called a “Dfs tree.”and files. The result is called a “Dfs tree.”10What is Dfs? (cont.)What is Dfs? (cont.)Example of a Dfs Example of a Dfs tree:tree:11What is Dfs? (cont.)What is Dfs? (cont.)Without Dfs, system Without Dfs, system administrators can administrators can run out of drive run out of drive letters because of too letters because of too many network many network connections. Consider connections. Consider a network that has file a network that has file servers for the servers for the accounting accounting department, the legal department, the legal department and the department and the human resources human resources


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