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UCSD BICD 130 - Problem Set 1

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Name: Student ID # Problem set 1 (10 questions, 40 points) Please use this form to answer the following questions. 1. In no more than two sentences define each of the following concept pairs and the connection between them (3 points each pair, 9 points altogether) Pair 1. morphogen – mesoderm specification in Drosophila Pair 2. Maternal mRNAs – nurse cells Pair 3. Enhancer – chromatin remodeling 2. You are mating a wild type (+/+) male fly to a homozygous mutant gurken/gurken female fly. Which phenotype will you obtain in the progeny? (3 points) A. Dorsalization B. Lack of egg formation C. The embryos will develop normally D. Ventralization 3. In your study of Dorsal protein, you’ve generated a mutant variant of Dorsal protein that can not bind Cactus protein. You would like to test the function of this mutant protein by expressing it in fly embryos. A. Which technique will you use in order to express your mutant protein? (2 points)B. What phenotype do you expect to observe in the embryos that express your mutant protein in every nucleus during the early development? (3 points) 4. You mate a wild type (+/+) male fly to a homozygous mutant bicoid/bicoid female fly. The heterozygous embryos from this mating will be: (2 points) a) inviable, lacking anterior structures. b) inviable, lacking posterior structures. c) inviable, lacking anterior and posterior structures. d) wild-type, because the embryo is heterozygous. e) you can’t do this experiment because the bicoid/bicoid fly is dead 5) Which events determine the positional identity of cells in the Drosophila embryo: (2 points) a. signaling between individual cells b. the first cleavage planes pre-determine the positional identity of each cell c. segregation of different mRNAs into individual cells d. diffusion of transcription factor proteins across the embryo 6) The transcription pattern of the gap gene Kruppel is set in the following way: Kruppel is activated by Bicoid and by low levels of hunchback, and is repressed by knirps and by high levels of hunchback. Use the scheme below to draw the expression pattern of Kruppel. (2 points) 7) A couple who is having a trouble conceiving a child is seeking your advise as to whether or not to choose the In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) treatment. Youexamine, under the microscope, the male partner’s semen sample and discover that his sperm lacks motility. a) Will you recommend this couple to choose the standard IVF procedure? Why or why not? (2 points) b) What, if any, modification of the standard IVF procedure will you recommend?(2 points) 8) In no more than two sentences, define the following concepts: (6 points, 2 points each concept) a) differential gene expression b) enhancer modularity c) maternal effect genes 9) Use arrows to draw the regulatory relationships between the following groups of genes. For example, A => B => C means gene A regulates gene B, and gene B regulates gene C. One group regulate or be regulated by more than one group of genes. (3 points) Pair rule genes Gap genes Cytoplasmic polarity (maternal effect) genes10) You are studying regulation of the transcription of the gap gene knirps. You hypothesize that it is repressed by another gap gene, Kruppel. You assay the expression pattern of the two genes and here’s what you see: a) Does this expression pattern support your hypothesis? Why or why not? (2 points) b) Next you perform the gain of function and the loss of function experiments by expressing Kruppel ectopically (outside of its normal expression pattern) or looking at Kruppel-mutant embryos. In both cases, you assay Kruppel and knirps expression. What pattern of knirps expression will support your hypothesis? (draw Kruppel and knirps expression pattern in each case). (2


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UCSD BICD 130 - Problem Set 1

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