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GT ECE 6390 - Class Project: Martian Network

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Class Project: Martian NetworkDue Date: 13 December 2005 (Tuesday)ECE 6390: Satellite Communications and Navigation SystemsGeorgia Institute of Technology1 IntroductionOver the next 20 years, NASA expects to have a host of landers, rovers, aerobots (self-controlledairplanes), and even astronauts on the surface, or in the tenuous atmosphere, of the planet Mars.Your engineering firm is to design a system allowing uninterrupted inter-communications betweenall of the Mars-based assets (landers, astronauts, aerobots, etc.), as well as communication betweenall Mars-based assets with NASA facilities on earth. Since the Martian day is about 24.5 hours long(similar to Earth), ground-based landers and astronauts will not be in the line-of-sight to earth forperiods of over 12 hours, so relay satellites will be required. Since the ground-based terminals willbe at all locations on the Martian surface, 100% surface coverage must be provided.2 Design DetailsYou may assume there will be up to 50 terminals on the Martian surface, and they must be reasonablycompact so as to be transportable to Mars (i.e. no aperture sizes larger than 1 meter diameter onthe surface). Relay spacecraft may be much larger, determined by the practical limits of launchersize (e.g. the space shuttle payload bay). Each ground terminal must be able to uplink data atrates up to 1.5 Mbps and have it received both at Earth or by any other terminal on Mars. Eachground terminal must be able to receive its own targeted data stream from the Earth at 1.5 Mbps,and one additional 1.5 Mbps data stream from one of the other Martian surface assets, which shouldbe fully selectable from the other 49 data streams being transmitted. Since frequency allocationson the surface of Mars are not (yet) a big problem, you may select any frequencies you like forcommunication between the surface terminals and the relay spacecraft (except 1.40-1.43 GHz, 4.9-5.0 GHz, 10.6-10.7 GHz, and 15.3-15.4 GHz, which would interfere with radio telescopes on theEarth.) However, communication with the earth will be conducted by communicating with stationsof the NASA Deep Space Network (DSN, http://deepspace.jpl.nasa.gov) which can communicate inthe following bands: Earth-to-Mars: 7190-7250 MHz and 34.2-34.7 GHz, Mars-to-Earth: 8400-8460MHz and 31.8-32.3 GHz.In addition to your design of the overall system (spacecraft orbits, transp onder designs, mo du-lation type, multiple access, etc.) you must design the terminals to be used on the Martian surfaceand the orbiting relay satellites (block diagrams and appropriate solar power system). You may as-sume the NASA DSN Stations are already built and available for use. 34-meter diameter parabolicantennas are used at the DSN, with TSY S= 20 K, and aperture efficiency equalling 0.94. The DSNtransmitters are capable of transmitting up to 500,000 watts and at least one station is always ableto view Mars. The bit error rates on the overall links from the Mars stations back to earth and theearth to Mars must not exceed 10−6.Show that your design is most cost-effective (total cost, including spacecraft and Mars surfaceterminals) by justifying all cost estimates or assumptions. You may estimate the cost of Marsorbiters as being $200 M (including launch) plus 1$ M per transmitted watt of power (not EIRP).3 DeliverablesYou must prepare a technical report detailing the communication network system design. The reportshould be in html-format with all files submitted in-class on a CD or through e-mail1. Your reportwill be graded on the following:• Completeness• Technical Writing• Technical Correctness• Professional Content• Research (cite all references)• ConcisenessI will offer +5% bonus points to superlative reports in the following categories:• Best Technical Writing• Most Thorough Technical Research• Creative Use of Web PresentationLate projects will not be accepted. I will likely post some of the unique solutions and high-qualityprojects to the web, unless the author requests otherwise.4 CreditsThe idea for the this project was graciously lent by Prof. Paul Steffes.1e-mail submissions must be ZIPped and are only recommended for files less than 2 MB


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