ESE 435 Spring 2011 Lab 3: Electric Lighting Report due Tuesday Feb 21 I. Outside preparation for lab Review power factor concepts for linear and nonlinear loads. II. Lab Exercises For these exercises, use the LabVIEW wattmeter supplied. It has been revised to use either Elvis as in previous labs or the NI-Scope. Connections to the NI-Scope will be shown in the lecture. WARNING: The Electrical Energy Monitor (EEM) has a 110VAC output that is dangerous!! Be sure to follow instructions given for safe connection. Have the instructor check all wiring before turning on the EEM. This experiment uses a test fixture whose block diagram is given in Fig. 1 below, along with the overall experimental arrangement. Fig. 2 shows the EEM, a small chassis that is useful for interconnecting various meters and parts. 1. The 60-W Incandescent Lamp a. Measure the low-voltage DC resistance of the lamp when its filament is at room temperature. b. Set the lamp voltage to 120 VAC. Measure and record the lamp current, voltage and power waveforms and their spectra, as well as the real, apparent and reactive power, the power factor and measured phase. Measure any observable phase shift between the two waveforms. Use the photometer to measure the radiant flux (W/m2). c. Measure, as a function of AC lamp voltage, the lamp's current, wattage, and radiant flux. Cover the range of 0-120 VAC in steps of 20 VAC. Note any interesting behavior. 2. The 60-W Compact Fluorescent Lamp Repeat (b) and (c) above using the 60-W compact fluorescent lamp. 3. The LED Lamp Repeat (b) and (c) above using the LED lamp.Figure 1. Test Fixture and Experimental Arrangement Figure 2. Electrical Energy MonitorIII. Report Data: Include representative waveforms and measurements to document expected (and unexpected) results. Analysis: The primary effect observed in this experiment was the power factor associated with different lamp types. In general, consider and discuss any implications of power factor and real power for electric lighting. Comment on observed waveforms and measurements. How did they vary from what you expected? What limitations and possibilities exist for correcting power factor in these devices? For a nonlinear load, a 60 Hz voltage source generates currents at 60Hz as well as at the harmonics. Show from first principles that the average power for a 60Hz voltage and current at any harmonic (other than the 60 Hz fundamental) is zero. Secondary but significant effects observed involved harmonic content in the current waveform and also the line voltage. Use your spectral measurements to estimate the real power from the 60Hz components of the voltage and current. Discuss discrepancies between estimates and measurements. Conclusions: Consider the implications of your results for power factor correction in lighting. As with previous experiments, comment on how we might improve the lab in any aspect you like, i.e., data taking, scope of circuit, equipment issues,