Bioremediation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil at Former Manufactured Gas Plant SitesJeremy M ReinierOutlineManufactured Gas PlantsHydrocarbons and PAHMethods of BioremediationMicroorganisms and UptakeEnhancing BioavailabilityEffectiveness of BioremediationFuture DirectionsMGPsProduced coal gas in late 19th, early 20thcenturiesWaste – coal tarImproper disposalPollutants leach into groundwaterPrevalence of problemHydrocarbonsChain hydrocarbonsCyclic hydrocarbonsPolycyclic hydrocarbonsPyreneBenzo(a)PyreneMethods of BioremediationIn-situLower costReduced chance of spreading pollutionEx-situHigher costMore control over parametersMicroorganismsBacteriaGeobacterMany othersFungiPhanerochaeteAspergillusMethods of UptakeBacterial degradationHydrolysis of aromatic ringDioxygenase enzymesNon-lygnolytic – cytochrome monoxygenase enzymesMajor products – CO2, water, benign byproductsMethods of UptakeFungal degradationLignolytic – woody materialNon-Lignolytic – soilsCommon mechanism – oxidation of aromatic ringMethods of UptakeSource: Bamforth and Singleton (2005)Enhancing BiodegradationSurfactants – mixed resultsSolvents – shown to be effective in desorbing PAH from soilEnhancing BiodegradationFenton’s reaction – hydrolyzes PAH enhancing microbial actionTemperature and pH – tend to be situation and microbe specificNutrients – limiting componentEffectivenessCase Study: Lee et al (2000)SolventsimprovedavailabilityEffectivenessCase Study: Nam et al (2000)Bio + Fenton’simproved % removalEffectivenessCase Study: Li et al (2004)NutrientsimprovedavailabilityFuture DirectionsRenewed use of MGPsEnhancing effectiveness and bio-availabiltyEngineering
View Full Document
Unlocking...