RADON RESEARCH IN MULTI DISCIPLINES: A REVIEWDETAILED COURSE WORKSession 3 January 19, 2007 Objective 1. REVIEW OF RADIATION BIOLOGY BASICS 1.1 Introduction1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Dosimetry1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Dosimetry …1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Dosimetry …1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed dose – Dosimetry …1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Dosimetry …1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Dosimetry …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell1.3 Effects of radiation on cell … 1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell …1.3 Effects of radiation on cell … Primary site of damage1.4 Target Theory1.4 Target Theory …1.4 Target Theory …1.5 Linear No Threshold Theory …1.5 Linear No Threshold Theory …1.5 Linear No Threshold Theory Alternative2. Current Research on Effects of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation2. Recent Research on Effects of Low Dose Ionizing Radiation …The dialogue about the appropriateness of LNT in radiation protectionThe dialogue about the appropriateness of LNT in radiation protectionLinear No Threshold Theory & Low Dose Ionizing Radiation Current Understanding of Low Dose Ionizing EffectsInternet KeywordsReferences & Further ReadingReferences & Further ReadingReferences & Further ReadingReferences & Further ReadingReferences & Further Reading BEIR REPORTS References & Further Reading BEIR ReportsReferences & Further Reading BEIR REPORTS References & Further Reading BEIR REPORTSRADONRESEARCHINMULTIDISCIPLINES:AREVIEWPILLALAMARRIILAEarthAtmospheric&PlanetarySciencesNeutronActivationAnalysisLaboratoryMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyCambridge,MA02139IAP2007:12.091CreditCourse:January17‐ 25,2007Session3,January19,2007January19,2007:IAP2007:12.091Session3:P.ILA2COURSEOUTLINEI. Fundamentalsofradonphysics:reviewII. RadonresearchingeologyIII. RadonresearchinradiationbiologyIV. RadonresearchinmedicineV. RadonresearchinhealthphysicsEarth&PlanetaryScienceRadonresearchinmultidisciplines‐summaryStudentPresentationsRadioactivityLaboratorydemonstrationJanuary19,2007:IAP2007:12.091Session3:P.ILA3DETAILEDCOURSEWORKThecourseworkinvolvesthefollowing:1. January17,18,19,22,251‐3PM5sessionseachof2hours‐ 25%2. StudyAssignments‐ 4‐ 20%3ProjectLiteratureSurvey– Writingareport ‐ 30%4. ProjectPresentation ‐ 25%Requiredpercentagetopassthiscourseis95%Grading:P/FJanuary19,2007:IAP2007:12.091Session3:P.ILA4Session 3Radon &Radiation BiologyJanuary 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA5Session 3 January 19, 2007Objective1. Review of Radiation Biology Basics:1.1 Introduction1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed dose – Dosimetry1.3 Effects of radiation on cell – primary site of damage1.4 Target theory1.5 Linear No Threshold Theory 2. Examples of Some Current Research:Current Research on Effects of Low Dose Ionizing RadiationJanuary 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA61. REVIEW OF RADIATION BIOLOGY BASICS1.1 Introduction1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed dose dosimetry1.3 Effects of radiation on cell –Primary site of damage1.4 Target theory1.5 Linear No Threshold theoryJanuary 19, 2007: IAP 2007: January 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA12.091 Session 3: P. ILA771.1 Introduction1.1 IntroductionRadiation biology research is in wide range Radiation biology research is in wide range of of subjects likesubjects likedetection of chemical or microscopic changes in detection of chemical or microscopic changes in irradiated organisms;irradiated organisms;observation and explanation of many changes at observation and explanation of many changes at gross or gross or nanonanolevel, level, lethal or nonlethal or non--lethal, lethal, long term or short term, long term or short term, caused by ionizing radiations in biological caused by ionizing radiations in biological materials;materials;development of ultimate principles and procedures development of ultimate principles and procedures for radiation protection.for radiation protection.January 19, 2007: IAP 2007: January 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA12.091 Session 3: P. ILA881.2 Radioactivity and 1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Absorbed Dose DosimetryDosimetryRadioactivity is measured in units of Radioactivity is measured in units of disintegrations per second.disintegrations per second.1 Curie = 1 1 Curie = 1 CiCi= 3.7 x 10= 3.7 x 101010dpsdps1 Becquerel =1 1 Becquerel =1 BqBq= 1 = 1 dpsdpsRadRadis a unit of absorbed dose for any ionizing is a unit of absorbed dose for any ionizing radiation.radiation.1 1 RadRad= 1R = 100 ergs absorbed per gram of = 1R = 100 ergs absorbed per gram of any substanceany substance1 Gray = 1 1 Gray = 1 GyGy=100 =100 RadsRadsJanuary 19, 2007: IAP 2007: January 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA12.091 Session 3: P. ILA991.2 Radioactivity and 1.2 Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Absorbed Dose DosimetryDosimetry……Roentgen:Roentgen:Unit of exposure of XUnit of exposure of X--or gamma radiation or gamma radiation ionization produced in air.ionization produced in air.1 Roentgen results 1 1 Roentgen results 1 esuesuper cc of air at per cc of air at STP.STP.Roentgen Equivalent Man Roentgen Equivalent Man ––RemRemis dose is dose equivalentequivalentJanuary 19, 2007: IAP 2007: January 19, 2007: IAP 2007: 12.091 Session 3: P. ILA12.091 Session 3: P. ILA10101.21.2Radioactivity and Radioactivity and Absorbed Dose Absorbed Dose DosimetryDosimetry……Roentgen Equivalent Man =Roentgen Equivalent Man =RemRem= = RadRadx RBE (or QF) x DF x RBE (or QF) x DF RBE = Relative Biological Effectiveness is a RBE = Relative Biological Effectiveness is a factor