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OAKTON PSY 101 - Drugs and Alcohol

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Drugs and AlcoholFacts About Alcohol ConsumptionSlide 3Student Project:Dependence and Addiction Handout 7-2Handout 7-3 The Internet Addiction TestInternet AddictionWhat is Addiction?What Might the Real Problem Be?Alcohol Consumption Handout 7-4Slide 11Three Drinking Styles:The top 10 reasons college students give for consuming alcoholRohypnol – A Date Rape DrugSlide 15What can women do?Three types of DrinkersExercise Alcohol Expectancies HandoutAEQ ResultsWhy Smoke? Handout 11 or above is significantCaffeineSlide 22Marijuana – Is it good medicine?Marijuana as Medicine?The First Acid Trip,1943 Chemist Albert Hofmann, Creator of LSDLSD – Basic InformationLSD - ProblemsSlide 28Drugs and AlcoholModule 7Facts About Alcohol ConsumptionThe nation’s 12 million undergraduates drink 4 billion cans of beer annually, averaging 55 six-packs each. At $446 per student, the average student spends more on alcoholic drinks than on soft drinks and textbooks combined.There is a negative correlation between college grades and the amount of alcohol consumed. One study found that “A” students have, on average, 3 drinks a week, whereas those making “D’s” and “F’s” average 11 drinks a week. Students with high academic standing drink less in virtually all contexts than students with low academic standing.Facts About Alcohol Consumption95% of violent crime on college campuses is alcohol or drug-related. 73% of the assailants and 55% of the victims of rape had used alcohol or other drugs. Two-thirds of student suicides were legally drunk at the time, and 90% of fatal fraternity hazing accidents involve drinking.Students in the Northeast drink more than those in the South or the West.Alcohol and drug using rates decline overall during the mid-20s, when serious responsibilities often kick in. Being engaged, married, or even remarried quickly brings down alcohol use.Student Project:Go to the Web site: http://www.alcoholandotherdrugs.comRead three chaptersPrepare a written and oral report for the classDependence and AddictionHandout 7-2Drug Use Survey HandoutComes from National Institute on Drug AbuseNo norms are provided, but if respondents are answering “yes” to three or more questions on the “Drug Use” survey or obtain a total score of 8 or more on the AUDIT, they may be abusing drugs or alcohol.  High scores on AUDIT’s first three questions suggest hazardous alcohol use, elevated scores on items 4 through 6 imply the presence or emergence of alcohol dependence, and high scores on the remaining items suggest harmful alcohol use.Handout 7-3The Internet Addiction TestWhat is addiction?How do you know you are addicted?ScoringAdd the numbers you have placed before the 20 questions. Total scores can range from 20 to 10020-49 points indicates that you are an average online userYou may surf a bit too long, but you have control over your usage50-79 points indicates that you are experiencing occasional or frequent problems because of the Internet and should consider its full impact on your life.80-100 indicates that Internet usage is causing significant problems in your life that need to be addressed.Internet AddictionYoung suggests that Internet addiction can injure children’s lives, destroy friendships and marriages, and cost jobs. The heavy users Young interviewed often indicated that Internet usage was part of an addictive pattern. In fact, 52 % were in recovery programs for other addictions and 54% had a history of depression. For help contact http://www.netaddiction.comWhat is Addiction?This is all controversial. Critics have raised questions about the validity and reliability of the test as well as the way the term, addiction, is used. Addiction has traditionally meant a craving for a substance with physical symptoms such as aches, nausea, and distress following sudden withdrawal. Certain behaviors – gambling, the internet – can become compulsive and dysfunctional. Should we extend the addiction concept to cover such behaviors?What Might the Real Problem Be?depressiona deficit in a person’s lifelonelinessThere are many people who acknowledge that their Internet time is out of control. There are support groups such as Jean Baker Wunder, director for Family Support Groups Inc. who get calls all the time for help.What is the problem with calling this a disease? The person may expect sympathy for the problem rather than seeking help for him/herself.There is a less than serious group on the Internet called the “Webaholics” that offers web sites where webaholics can make their confessions.Alcohol ConsumptionHandout 7-4Answer the questions on the Alcohol Consumption Questionnaire. Be honest with yourself; nobody else is looking at it.Every five items measure a different expectancy regarding alcohol’s effects. Items 1–5 assess the belief that alcohol is a global, positive transforming agent 6–10, the expectation that alcohol enhances both social and physical pleasure 11–15, the view that alcohol enhances sexual experience and performance16–20, the expectation that alcohol enhances power and aggression 21–25, the belief that alcohol increases social assertiveness 26–30, the belief that alcohol reduces tension. Respondents can score from 0 to 5 on each factor, with higher scores reflecting a greater expectancy that alcohol does have the stated effect.Alcohol ConsumptionHandout 7-4The single best expectancy predictor for heavy and context-dependent drinkers was social and physical pleasurethe most powerful expectancy predictor for problematic drinkers was tension reduction.Brown, S. (1985)Three Drinking Styles:Heavy drinkers frequently drink to the point of physical distress.Problem drinkers not only drink heavily, but also experience trouble with authorities as a result—for example, disorderly conduct, driving while under the influence, warnings from school authorities. Frequently, problem drinkers do not label their own drinking pattern as problematic.Context-dependent drinkers typically drink in social settings such as bars or lounges with new acquaintances or strangers rather than at home by themselves or with family.The top 10 reasons college students give for consuming alcoholIt increases my feelings of social abilityIt relieves anxiety or tensionIt makes me feel elated or euphoric.It makes me less


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