UI PSYC 311 - Substance Abuse Disorders

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1Listen to the audio lecture while viewing these slidesPsychology 311Abnormal Psychology1Substance Abuse Disorders2Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyOverview•Many substances• Only some cause problems• Why use?• Makes you feel good•Escape• Performance enhancement• Medical treatment• Socialization•Others3Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyPsychoactive Drugs• Influences many things within an individual•Emotions• Thought•Behavior• Physiology4Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyProblem• Also influences society as well•Crime• Domestic violence• HIV/AIDS/STDs/Hepatitis• Educational quality• Costs society billions in related costs• Insurance• Judicial/Corrections• Medical costs covered by taxpayers5Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyExamples•Smoking• Nicotine• Alcohol•DUI• Domestic Violence•Rape• Other Violence6Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyProgression of use• Friends usually start your use• Begin recreationally• Build tolerance• Need more and more of the drug to get the same effect• Develop a substance abuse problem• Causes problems to self, family or society• Moves into substance dependence• Must have the drug to function•Withdrawal•Etc.27Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyDSM IV• Different levels• Substance Intoxication•Substance Abuse• Substance Dependence8Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologySubstance Intoxication• Development of REVERSIBLE substance-specific symptoms due to the recent ingestion or exposure to a substance.• Clinically maladaptive behavior or psychological changes due to the effect of the substance on the CNS• Symptoms are not due to another medical or psychological disorder9Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologySubstance Abuse • 1 or more symptoms with past 12 months• Recurrent substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill important obligations (Missing work)• Recurrent substance use in situation in which it is physically hazardous do to so (DWI)• Recurrent substance-related legal problems (arrests)• Continued substance use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of a substance (fights)10Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologySubstance Dependence• Three or more symptoms in the past 12 months•Tolerance•Withdrawal• Ingestion of greater amounts • Persistent desire to cut down or control the substance• Lots of time spent to get the substance, use it, or recover from it• Elimination or reduction of social, work, or recreational activities due to use• Continued use despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems due to use.11Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyTwo Key Symptoms for Abuse or Dependence• Substance tolerance• Need more and more of the drug to get the same effect• Substance withdrawal• You experience symptoms opposite of the drugs effect when drugs are not in your body•Stimulants - you experience lethargy•Depressants – you experience stimulation12Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyIssue• Withdrawal • Is a major reason for continued use• Negative reinforcement•Escape from negative symptoms•Avoid unpleasant symptoms• Result – use continues313Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyExample Methamphetamine• Using – makes you feel more alert, stimulated, etc•Withdrawal• Feel lethargic, depressed, down• Just cannot seem to get going• Feel weird•Result• Use again, makes you feel “normal”14Psyc 311 – Abnormal PsychologyTolerance• Is extremely important• Makes you need more of the same drug to make you feel good• Example – Alcohol•Early users - 1-2 beers feeling really high•Middle users – need 5-6 beers•Later users – Can drink 12 or more beers •Problem• Health related effects• Reaction time problems• Withdrawal occurs when drug is not in the


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UI PSYC 311 - Substance Abuse Disorders

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