ECEN 248: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SYSTEMS DESIGNInstructor:Required textbook:Course infoGrading Policy:Course GoalsThe Evolution of Computer HardwareWilliam ShockleySlide 9The PowerPC 750The Underlying TechnologiesTechnology Trends: Microprocessor ComplexityHow to Remember?Layers of abstractionECEN 248: INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SYSTEMS DESIGNLecture 1Dr. “Peter” Weiping ShiDept. of Electrical and Computer EngineeringInstructor:Dr. “Peter” Weiping ShiOffice 333K WERCOffice Hour: MW 10:00-11:30 amEmail: [email protected]Phone: 979-587-1877Required textbook:Brown and Vranesic (2rd Edition)Fundamentals of Digital Logic with Verilog Design.Course infoCourse websitedropzone.tamu.edu/~wshi/248_spring11.htmlAll slides, labs, assignments, etc.Mailing list:Emails will be sent periodically to tamu accountsAnnouncements:Lecture cancellationsDeadline extensionUpdates, etc.Grading Policy:Homework (20%)Labs (20%)Exam 1 : 15%Exam 2 : 15%Exam 3 : 20%Quizzes 10%Course Goals Study methods for Representation, manipulation, and optimization for both combinatorial and sequential logicSolving digital design problemsStudy HDL description language (Verilog)The Evolution of Computer Hardware When was the first transistor invented?Modern-day electronics began with the invention in 1947 of the transfer resistorBardeen, Brattain & Shockley at Bell LaboratoriesWilliam ShockleyBorn in London, grown up in CA.B.S. 1932, Ph.D. 1936During WWIIAnti-submarine research & bomber pilot trainingReport on casualty of invading Japan: 1.7m to 4mPresidential Medal for MeritBell LabsSolid state physics group leaderInvention of transistor in 1947Silicon ValleyShockley Semiconductor Lab, Mountain View, CATraitorous Eight formed Fairchild SemiconductorRobert Noyce, Gordon Moore, etcThe Evolution of Computer HardwareWhen was the first IC (integrated circuit) invented?In 1958 the IC was born when Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments successfully interconnected, by hand, several transistors, resistors and capacitors on a single substrateThe PowerPC 750Introduced in 19993.65M transistors366 MHz clock rate40 mm2 die size250nm technologyThe Underlying TechnologiesYear Technology Relative Perf./Unit Cost1951 Vacuum Tube 11965 Transistor 351975 Integrated Circuit (IC) 9001995 Very Large Scale IC (VLSI) 2,400,0002005 VLSI (not a fancy name??) 6,200,000,000YearTransistors1000100001000001000000100000001000000001970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000i80386i4004i8080Pentiumi80486i80286i8086Technology Trends: Microprocessor Complexity2X transistors/ChipEvery 1.5 yearsCalled “Moore’s Law” Alpha 21264: 15 millionPentium Pro: 5.5 millionPowerPC 620: 6.9 millionAlpha 21164: 9.3 millionSparc Ultra: 5.2 millionMoore’s LawAthlon (K7): 22 MillionItanium 2: 41 MillionHow to Remember?United States307 million as of July 2010Intel processor (core 2 duo)291 million transistors as of 2006ECEN 248Layers of abstractionI/O systemProcessorCompilerOperatingSystem(Mac OSX)Application (ex: browser)Digital DesignCircuit DesignInstruction Set ArchitectureDatapath & Control