Greenhouse Resistance Management ProgramsWhat is greenhouse resistance management?Slide 3Resistance Management Program For AphidsSlide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Resistance Management Program For Foliar-Feeding MealybugsSlide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Resistance Management Program For Root MealybugsSlide 25Resistance Management Program For Soft ScalesSlide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Resistance Management Program For Armored ScalesSlide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Resistance Management Program For WhitefliesSlide 43Resistance Management Program For WhitefliesSlide 45Slide 46Slide 47Slide 48Slide 49Slide 50Slide 51Slide 52Resistance Management Program For ThripsSlide 54Slide 55Slide 56Slide 57Slide 58Slide 59Slide 60Slide 61Slide 62Slide 63Slide 64Slide 65Resistance Management Program For Fungus GnatsSlide 67Slide 68Slide 69Slide 70Slide 71Slide 72Slide 73Slide 74Slide 75Slide 76Resistance Management Program For Shore FliesSlide 78Slide 79Slide 80Slide 81Resistance Management Program For Spider MitesSlide 83Slide 84Slide 85Slide 86Slide 87Slide 88Slide 89Slide 90Slide 91Slide 92Resistance Management Program For Tarsonemid MitesSlide 94Slide 95Slide 96Slide 97Slide 98Slide 99Greenhouse ResistanceGreenhouse ResistanceManagement ProgramsManagement ProgramsDr. Vera Krischik, Department ofEntomology, University of MinnesotaInformation from: http://www.olympichort.com/ohp_research.htmlWhat is greenhouseWhat is greenhouseresistance management?resistance management?Many insects and mites can evolve resistance to chemicals that are used too frequently. Rotating chemicals from different chemical classes and utilizing IPM programs to reduce chemical use can help prevent pest resistance.What is greenhouseWhat is greenhouseresistance management?resistance management?In general, biological control and biorational insecticides are used at low pest densities, whereas conventional pesticides may be needed to knock down high pest densities.Resistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsOrder HemipteraFamily AphididaeMelon/cotton aphid, Aphis gossypiiGreen peach aphid, Myzus persicaeDESCRIPTION OF THE PESTSAphids are distinguished fromother insects by the presence of cornicles, tubelike appendages that protrude from the rear of the aphid. The two species most commonly encountered are the green peach aphid (pictured) and the cotton or melon aphid. Green peach aphid is characterized by a depression in the front of the head between the antennae and by long thin, translucent cornicles that extend beyond the tip of the body. Green peach aphids vary in color from yellowish green to rose pink. Winged adults have a dark blotch in the middle of the abdomen.Jack Kelly ClarkUniversity of CaliforniaResistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsDESCRIPTION OF THE PESTSMelon aphids are typically dark green, but color variations do occur frequently. The cornicles are relatively short, stout, and always dark. Melon aphids have red eyes and antennae that only reach to the middle of the abdomen. Adult aphids may or may not have wings. Winged aphids are produced as a result of crowding. Green peach aphids produce winged adults at lower population densities than the melon aphid. The optional temperaturefor green peach aphiddevelopment is 75°F,whereas optionaltemperatures for melonaphids are above 75°F.Melon aphids and mummiesJack Kelly ClarkUniversity of CaliforniaResistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsCHEMICAL CONTROLThere are numerous conventional and biorational pesticides registered for aphid control. Detecting aphid infestations before they get out of hand is the most important aspect of a proper control program. Aphids deep within the plant canopy on maturing plants, or in flowers are especially difficult to deal with.Olympic products that are effective against aphids include Marathon 1%G, 60 WP and Marathon II), Azatin XL, Triact 70 and Olympic Insecticidal Soap.Marathon 1%G and 60WP are used to provide 8 to 12 weeks of aphid control on crops with longer production cycles. Marathon needs to be applied properly to ensure excellent control.Resistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsCHEMICAL CONTROLMarathon II is a sprayable formulation that will provide rapid knock-down and 2 to 4 weeks of control. A tank mix of Marathon II with either Triact 70 or the soap may result in improved coverage and more rapid control. Azatin XL is an insect growth regulator that needs to be applied twice, 7 days apart, for best results. A tank mix of Azatin with Decathlon has been effective against several insect pests, including aphids.Triact 70 and Olympic Insecticidal Soap are short-residual materials that are used to rapidly reduce an aphid infestation.Resistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsCHEMICAL CONTROLMarathon® 60 WP G&N in WSP - Systemic InsecticideFor Systemic Insect Control in Ornamental CropsRate: 1 x 20 gram packet in appropriate amount of waterSignal Word: CautionREI: 0-12 hours (read label)Marathon® 1% Granular - Systemic InsecticideFor Systemic Insect Control in Ornamental CropsRate: Refer to labelSignal Word: CautionREI: 0-12 hours (read label)Marathon is applied topically to the media and will provide superior control of aphids. For best control, apply prior to infestation. Control is 8 to 12 weeks. Avoid leaching for about 10 days and keep media moist. Always read the label.Resistance Management Program For AphidsResistance Management Program For AphidsCHEMICAL CONTROLMarathon® II - Translaminar Systemic InsecticideFor Foliar/Drench Applications for Insect Control in Greenhouse, Nursery and InteriorscapesRate: 50 mL (1.7 oz.) per 100 gallons (foliar) See label for drench.Signal Word: CautionREI: 0-12 hours (read label)Marathon II has foliar or drench applications. Marathon II applications should commence before intense insect pressure is present. Marathon II foliar applications have 14 to 28 days of control. Marathon II applied as a drench will provide 8 to 12 weeks of control. Refer to label for correct drench application rates. Compatible with commonly used pesticides and foliar fertilizers. Use of a spreader/sticker is recommended for foliar sprays. Shake well before using.Resistance Management Program For