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Exam #4

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Astronomy 100, Exam #4 AName____________________________________ ID #__________________________No notes, No books; You can use calculatorsThe letter at the top of the test needs to correspond to letter at top of the answer sheet.Constants that you may need to know:•c = 3 x 108 m/s•G = 6.67 x 10-11 m3/(kg-s2)•h = 6.626 x 10-34 J-s•g = 9.8 m/s2•σ = 5.7 x 10-8 W/(m2-K4)•Solar Luminosity = 3.8 x 1026 W•1 parsec = 3.26 light years•Hubble’s constant = 71 km/s/Megaparsec•1 Megaparsec = one million parsecs1) What galaxy do we reside in?A) Small Magellanic CloudB) WhirlpoolC) Cartwheel D) AndromedaE) Milky Way2) What type of galaxy is the galaxy we reside in?A) LenticularB) IrregularC) EllipticalD) SpiralE) Dwarf elliptical3) The reciprocal of Hubble’s constant (1/Hubble’s constant) gives an estimate of the ____________ the universe. A) size right after the Big Bang ofB) age of C) critical density of D) time before civilizations arose inE) number of Galaxies inAstronomy 100, Exam #4 A4) The two most abundant elements in our Galaxy are? A) oxygen and carbon. B) iron and hydrogen. C) carbon and iron. D) hydrogen and helium. E) iron and helium.5) The two most abundant elements in the Universe are? A) oxygen and carbon. B) iron and hydrogen. C) carbon and iron. D) hydrogen and helium. E) iron and helium.6) What is ALH 84001 (Allan Hills 84001)?A) Largest supernova every recordedB) Closest galaxy to our galaxyC) Meteorite from Mars that was thought to contain evidence for life on MarsD) The black hole at the center of our galaxyE) Brightest quasar in the sky7) Why are Cepheid Variables important for determining astronomical distances?A) Cepheid Variables are all at approximately the same distance from Earth B) The period of their variability is proportional to their luminosity C) All Cepheid Variables have approximately the same apparent brightness D) All Cepheid Variables have approximately the same luminosityE) Their age is proportional to their distance from the center of our galaxy.Astronomy 100, Exam #4 A8) The Drake equation is a simple way of trying to calculate …A) The age of the universeB) The dimensions of the universe C) The number of civilizations that are capable of interstellar communication that are currently existing in our galaxy D) how much longer life will exist on EarthE) The probability a supernova will explode near Earth and cause life to become extinct9) A standard candle is ______. A) another name for a barred-spiral galaxy. B) a light source of known luminosity. C) another name for a main-sequence star. D) a black hole that emits light at a specific wavelengthE) another name for a pulsar10) What does Hubble's law tell us? A) The larger the mass of a star, the more light it emits. B) The more distant a galaxy, the faster it is moving away from us. C) The faster a spiral galaxy's rotation speed, the more luminous it is. D) The number of stars in a cluster is proportional to its apparent brightnessE) The number of supernovas in a galaxy is proportional to the mass of that galaxy 11) Current estimates of the age of the universe is that the universe is about___________ old. A) 14 million years B) 14 billion years C) 140 billion years D) 140 million years E) 1.4 billion yearsAstronomy 100, Exam #4 A12) Which of the following best summarizes what is meant by dark matter?A) Matter that we have identified from its gravitational effects but that we cannot see from Earth in any wavelength of light.B) Matter that is only apparent from Earth in radio wavelengthsC) Matter that is only apparent from Earth in ultraviolet wavelengthsD) Matter that only gives off neutrinosE) Matter that only gives off positrons13) What is the Tully-Fisher Relation? A) The larger the mass of a star, the more light it emits B) The more distant a galaxy, the faster it is moving away from us. C) The faster a spiral galaxy's rotation speed, the more luminous it is. D) The number of stars in a cluster is proportional to its apparent brightnessE) The number of supernovas in a galaxy is proportional to the mass of that galaxy 14) Which galaxy may collide with our galaxy in approximately 5 billion years?A) Pegasus Dwarf GalaxyB) Lost GalaxyC) Cartwheel GalaxyD) Sombrero GalaxyE) Andromeda Galaxy 15) A galaxy is moving away from us at a speed of 7,100 km/s. How far is this galaxy away from us? A) 10 MegaparsecsB) 100 MegaparsecsC) 1,000 MegaparsecsD) 10,000 MegaparsecsE) 100,0000 Megaparsecs16) Who claimed to see canals on the surface of Mars?A) Fritz ZwickyB) Albert EinsteinC) Percival LowellD) Edwin HubbleE) Jocelyn BellAstronomy 100, Exam #4 A17) What is SETI short for? A) supernovas that explode at specific time intervalsB) search for extraterrestrial intelligenceC) search for the equation that predicts the universe’s increase in diameterD) stars emit light in the infraredE) seasonal expansion in the thermal infrared18) Which of these is the least important factor in determining the number of civilizationscapable of interstellar communication that are currently residing in our galaxy?A) the number of habitable planets in the galaxyB) the fraction of planets that contain oxygen in the galaxyC) the fraction of planets that have life in the galaxyD) the fraction of the life-bearing planets in the galaxy upon which a civilization capable of interstellar communication has at some time arisenE) the fraction of all civilizations that have existed in the galaxy that exist now19) Fermi’s Paradox can be rephrased as …A) if Supernovas occurs frequently and some supernovas occur nearby, why hasn’t life on Earth been destroyed?B) why have we not observed alien civilizations even though simple arguments would suggest that some of these civilizations ought to have spread throughout the galaxy by now?C) why hasn’t life evolved on Mars if it has evolved on Earth?D) why does a spiral galaxy's rotation speed depend on its mass?E) how can the night sky be dark if the universe is infinite and full of stars? 20) Supermassive ___________________ are thought to be


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