J ToBi Jennifer J Venditti Presentation by James Rishe Japanese ToBI for use with Tokyo Japanese consistent with design principles of English ToBI only one accent tone focus on location of tones and phrase boundaries five tiers tones words break indices finality miscellaneous Word representation H L H L Japanese has lexical accent When a word is accented place H L on the accented syllable If the accent is early or late place on the early accent or on the late accent and mark H L where it should be Late Accent Phrasal H Boundary Tones Final L and wL Initial L and wL Final H Final L and wL Occur at end of accentual phrases wL used when following phrase without pause is initially accented or begins with a long syllable wL indicates that the L was not able to be fully realized and is undershot Initial L and wL Occur at the beginning of utterance or post pausal medial phrases wL used when phrase begins with an accented mora or a long syllable wL Final H Ambiguous H Final HL Accent Uncertainty 4 degrees of break indices 0 very small disjuncture 1 consecutive words 2 medium disjuncture 3 strong disjuncture between adjacent words or between a word and silence m mismatch uncertainty p disfluencies Finality tier Occurs on break index 3 Finality related phenomena final F0 lowering segmental lengthening creaky voice amplitude lowering long pauses stylized finality contours Finality
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