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U of U PSY 1230 - Psychology 1230 Study Guide 11

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Hartmann Psychology 1230-001 Fall 2005Study Guide #11 (Revised): Chapter 11 andLectures #20 & #21Chapter 11: 1. Which of the following has been found to be negatively correlated with students' involvement in extracurricular activities?1. dropping out of school2. self esteem3. interpersonal competence4. college attendance5. taking initiative2. Piaget's theory is applied to the domain of teaching through the1. back-to-basics movement.2. cognitive constructivist approach.3. direct instruction approach.4. social constructivist approach.5. idea of the least restrictive environment.3. According to the Carnegie Council on Adolescent Development, the implementation of comprehensive youth-service programs would improve education by1. creating communities for learning.2. teaching a core of common knowledge.3. connecting schools with communities.4. providing an opportunity for all students to succeed.5. preparing teachers for the middle grades.4. Which of the following is a criticism of secondary schools in the United States?1. Junior highs and middle schools are too much like high schools.2. High schools foster passivity.3. High schools do not help students gain autonomy.4. Schools should have more possible directions students can explore in order to develop an identity.5. all of these5. Lipsitz found that the most striking feature of the best middle schools in the nation was1. a curriculum focusing on back-to-basics.2. a high degree of parental involvement, especially in raising money for the school.3. having an authoritative strategy of classroom management.4. a willingness to adapt to individual differences in students' development.5. the use of open education and the jigsaw classroom.6. Henry is an 11th grader who works 20 hours per week. According to research, it is likely that1. Henry's grades will drop.2. Henry's grades will improve.3. Henry will have decided on a college major.4. Henry will be unpopular.5. Henry will be popular.Psychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #11; Fall ’05, p. 2 of 47. In the year 2000, approximately what percentage of American 15- to 24-year-olds had not completed high school?1. 3 percent2. 11 percent3. 35 percent4. 42 percent5. 53 percent8. Which of the following statements about high school dropouts is FALSE?1. The dropout rates for most ethnic minority students have been declining.2. African Americans have the highest dropout rate of all ethnic minorities.3. Most students drop out due to school-related reasons.4. Males are more likely than females to drop out of school.5. Students in urban areas are more likely than suburban and rural area students to drop out.9. Several studies demonstrate that it is important to remember that dropping out of school is1. an economic necessity for most adolescents.2. a long-term process of disengagement that begins in early grades.3. most often tied to peer pressure.4. related very often to mental and physical health problems.5. a short-term solution for a sudden-onset problem.10. When I Have A Dream (IHAD) participants complete high school, what does IHAD provide?1. a certificate of recognition2. tuition assistance for college or vocational school3. career counseling by trained professionals4. a job in the field of their choosing5. a cash prize11. Asa is going to live at home while attending the local college, whereas his friends are going to live on campus. Asa will probably1. earn lower grades than his friends earn.2. earn higher grades than his friends earn.3. be less affectionate with his parents than his friends are with their parents.4. be more affectionate with his parents than his friends are with their parents.5. have more problems with peers than his friends will.12. On average in the U.S,. how much more money per month does a person with a college degree make than a person with a high school degree?1. $2002. $4003. $6004. $8005. $1,00013. Pete's school district is considering increasing class sizes significantly. What is the probable effectof switching to larger class sizes?1. As class sizes increase, achievement decreases.2. As class sizes increase, achievement increases due to increased competition.3. Even if class sizes increase, there is no change in achievement.4. As class sizes increase, achievement increases due to increases in resources.5. Classroom management matters more than class size.Psychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #11; Fall ’05, p. 3 of 414. When students make the transition to junior high school, they tend to experience1. better relationships with their peers.2. a more personal environment.3. poorer relationships with their teachers.4. the direct instruction approach.5. all of these15. How does parental involvement in secondary school compare with parental involvement in elementary school?1. Parental involvement is minimal in elementary school, but improves significantly in secondary school.2. Parental involvement is high in elementary school, but minimal in secondary school.3. Parental involvement is generally high in both elementary and secondary schools.4. Parental involvement is equally low in both elementary and secondary schools.5. Students are not encouraged to be parents until late in high school.16. Omitted17. Schools in low-income areas are more likely than those in higher SES areas to1. have young, inexperienced teachers.2. encourage rote learning.3. have lower graduation rates.4. have poorly maintained classrooms and buildings.5. all of these18. A teacher who believes that learning should be improved by increasing students' interdependence might choose to employ which classroom approach?1. direct instruction2. open classroom3. jigsaw classroom4. cognitive constructivist5. least restrictive environment19. In which culture are entrance exams required for getting into secondary schools?1. Australia2. Japan3. Russia4. Germany5. Brazil6.20. Which of the following is the most common learning disability of adolescents?1. reading impairment2. hearing impairment3. visual impairment4. emotional disturbance5. mental retardationDiscussion Questions:1. Describe the time periods during which transitions occur for students and explain the pattern of behavior that leads to both improved and lowered self-esteem.2. How do socioeconomic status and ethnicity influence educational outcomes for adolescents?Psychology 1230-001 (Hartmann)Study Guide #11; Fall ’05, p. 4 of 4Lectures #20 & #21 1.Which of the following may


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